“…Beyond the exciting relevance to origins-of-life research, modern studies of the wall material have revealed a broad spectrum of potential applications in materials science and engineering. , Examples include uses as powerful Brønsted acid catalysts, photocatalysts, inexpensive materials for the absorption of pollutants, and platforms for the inclusion of polymer microbeads, quantum dots, as well as cells. − In addition, postsynthetic modifications of certain tubes have been demonstrated, which include the heating of the structures to 900 °C without loss of the tubes’ macroscopic integrity . Another clear target for applications is the nonlithographic production of microfluidic networks in which tubes could have diameters of down to 1 μm and consist of a wealth of different substances and mesoscopic building blocks.…”