Investigation on Intermetallic Compounds Formation and Effect of Reinforcing Particles during Friction Stir Vibration Brazing

Abstract

In this paper, low carbon steel sheets were joined by the application of friction stir brazing (FSB) and friction stir vibration brazing (FSVB) processes while %67wt Sn-%33wt Pb alloy was used as filler material and SiO 2 nanoparticles were utilized as reinforcing particles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the developed joints were compared. The results indicated that the presence of mechanical vibration in FSVB promoted metallurgical reaction between the filler and base metals due to the enhanced thermal effect. Shear force for fracture and the joint hardness increased about 25 and 20%, respectively, as FSVB was replaced by FSB. The results also showed that the presence of vibration in FSVB led to the grain size decrease in the joint and enhanced the homogeneity of SiO 2 particles distribution. According to fracture analyses, the number of dimples increased and the plasticity of the joint enhanced as FSVB was applied. Wetting of molten filler on substrate steels enhanced while vibration frequency increased. A continuous intermetallic compound layer with a fair thickness was formed as FSVB with a high-frequency value (50 Hz) was applied.

Advances in simulation and experimental study on intermetallic formation and thermomechanical evolution of Al–Cu composite with Zn interlayer: Effect of spot pass and shoulder diameter during the pinless friction stir spot welding process

“…58 The high thickness of IMCs with hard and brittle characteristics, on the other hand, can result in detrimental effects on the mechanical properties of the weld samples because of stress concentration, hot cracks, void formation, as well as weak interface. 59 Figure 14 shows the evolution of joint interface with changes in shoulder diameter for both experimental and simulation analyses. Table 7 summarized the thickness values of IMCs layers in the joint interface for different welding conditions.…”

A comparison of microstructure and mechanical characteristics correlation of the joint specimens for duplex stainless steel UNS S32304 and super-duplex stainless steel UNS S32750: The role of post-weld heat treatment

“…The microvoids nucleate in the region of localized strain discontinuity, which is mainly associated with second-phase particles. [56][57][58][59] According to the fracture surface of the base metal, which contains lots of equiaxed deep and uniform dimples accompanied by microvoids; this means the specimen fails in the transgranular ductile mode under the act of tensile loading. 60 No indication of cluster and inclusions were observed which means high cleanliness of the base metal and weld zone.…”

Generation of hierarchical wetting microstructures by the ultrasonic vibration-assisted mechanical ruling

“…Under vibration, the tool or workpiece undergoes controlled and regular vibration along a defined direction, resulting in enhanced machining performance or the creation of microstructural patterns on the surface of the workpiece [23]. In addition, vibration-assisted has been proposed as a promising method to join dissimilar materials and easy-to-be-oxidized materials [24,25]. Kim reported the synergistic effect of SiC nano reinforcement and vibration assistance to enhance the performance of welds composed of dissimilar materials, namely AA5052-H32 and AA6061-T6 [26].…”