“…One such oxide is copper oxide (CuO), a ptype semiconductor boasting an optical band gap (Eg) ranging from approximately 1.2 to 1.9 eV. CuO has garnered considerable attention due to its distinct properties, positioning it as a potential candidate for diverse applications like gas sensors [3,4,5], optoelectronic devices [6,7,8], solar cells [9,10,11], supercapacitors [12,13] and cells [14,15]. Previous studies have explored the enhancement of CuO chemical properties by investigating the impact of doping transition metals such as Li [16], Ni [17], Zn [18], Mn [19], and Cd [20], among others.…”