Investigation on the effects of tool geometry on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded polyethylene and polypropylene sheets

Hajideh, Mojtaba Rezaee; Farahani, Mohammad Reza; Alavi, Seyed Amir Davoud; Ramezani, Navid Molla

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.02.018

Cited by 85 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Some studies have investigated the welding between dissimilar thermoplastic materials. They include FSW of PE-PP [68], ABS-PC (non-submerged) [69], ABS-PC (submerged) [70], and HMWPE-PP [71,72]. Other similar studies include FSW of recycled HDPE-10Fe and LDPE-10Fe [73], FSW of HDPE through reinforcement of PP strips [74], and FSSW of PMMA-ABS [75].…”

Section: Classification Of the Available Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Optimal Welding Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Thermoplastic Polymers and Their Composites

et al. 2021

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Friction stir welding (FSW) and friction stir spot welding (FSSW) techniques are becoming widely popular joining techniques because of their increasing potential applications in automotive, aerospace, and other structural industries. These techniques have not only successfully joined similar and dissimilar metal and polymer parts but have also successfully developed polymer-metallic hybrid joints. This study classifies the literature available on the FSW and FSSW of thermoplastic polymers and polymer composites on the basis of joining materials (similar or dissimilar), joint configurations, tooling conditions, medium conditions, and study types. It provides a state-of-the-art and detailed review of the experimental studies available on the FSW and FSSW between similar thermoplastics. The mechanical properties of FSW (butt- and lap-joint configurations) and FSSW weld joints depend on various factors. These factors include the welding process parameters (tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed, tool tilt angle, etc.), base material, tool geometry (pin and shoulder size, pin profile, etc.) and tool material, and medium conditions (submerged, non-submerged, heat-assisted tooling, cooling-assisted tooling). Because of the dependence on many factors, it is difficult to optimize the welding conditions to obtain a high-quality weld joint with superior mechanical properties. The general guidelines are established by reviewing the available literature. These guidelines, if followed, will help to achieve high-quality weld joints with least defects and superior mechanical properties. Apart from parametric-based studies, the statistical-based studies (e.g., analysis of variance (ANOVA)-based studies) are covered, which helps with the determination of the influential parameters that affect the FSW and FSSW weld joint strength. Also, the optimal ranges of the most influential process parameters for different thermoplastic materials are established. The current work on the development of general guidelines and determination of influential parameters and their operating ranges from published literature can help with designing smart future experimental studies for obtaining the global optimum welding conditions. The gaps in the available literature and recommendations for future studies are also discussed.

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Section: Classification Of the Available Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Optimal Welding Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Thermoplastic Polymers and Their Composites

et al. 2021

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“…Zafar et al [24] na soldagem do Nylon 6, utilizando parâmetros que geram maiores temperaturas, observou tanto saída excessiva de material, formando rebarba aderida à superfície (flash defect), quanto a formação de vazio na zona de mistura, dado a uma não consolidação de material ao longo do movimento da ferramenta (tunnel defect. ), sendo esse um dos defeitos mais críticos para a qualidade do conjunto soldado [25]. Ambos os defeitos podem ser visualizados na Figura 2, na soldagem por FSW em chapas de policarbonato.…”

Section: Friction Stir Welding Em Polímerosunclassified

“…Eslami et al [36] conseguiu realizar soldas sobrepostas efetivas entre polipropileno (PP) e poliestireno (PS) durante o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas para a soldagem FSW, alcançando até 50% do limite de resistência a tração do PP para o conjunto soldado. Resultados ainda melhores foram obtidos nos testes feitos por Eslami et al [37] onde materiais mais compatíveis foram usados, polietileno e polipropileno, obtendo-se 76% do limite de resistência a tração do PP nesse caso, resultado similar ao encontrado por Rezaee Hajideh et al [25] na soldagem realizada com os mesmos materiais.…”

Section: Friction Stir Welding Em Polímerosunclassified

“…Conclusão similar também foi obtida no estudo de materiais poliméricos. Rezaee Hajideh [25] constatou que a influência da geometria da ferramenta nas propriedades mecânicas de uma junta soldada por FSW é superior a outros parâmetros de soldagem dentro de uma dada faixa.…”

Section: Ferramentas De Soldagem Fswunclassified

“…Hoseinlaghab et al [4] soldou placas de polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) e, mudando apenas os parâmetros do processo e a geometria da ferramenta, conseguiu propriedades similares às do material de base. Outros termoplásticos foram submetidos ao processo, com resultados promissores [3,[21][22][23][24], inclusive soldando polímeros dissimilares [25][26][27]. Apesar dos resultados obtidos nesses diferentes estudos, ainda não há emprego industrial da soldagem por FSW na soldagem de termoplásticos, sendo essa uma área promissora para o futuro desse processo.…”

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União de Termoplásticos Pelo Processo Friction Stir Welding: Influência da Ferramenta e Parâmetros do Processo

Dias

Vaz

2021

Soldag. insp.

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Resumo: Polímeros são materiais que possuem boa relação resistência peso, baixo custo relativo, boa processabilidade, sendo essas algumas das características que justificam seu uso em diversos setores, substituindo inclusive os materiais metálicos. Apesar da facilidade de processamento, a união de materiais poliméricos não se apresenta como trivial. Entre as dificuldades, a baixa temperatura de degradação, condutividade térmica e capacidade de difusão, são as mais relevantes, dificultando a produção em larga escala de peças maiores e mais complexas com esses materiais. Em meio aos diferentes processos utilizados na união de polímeros, a soldagem por fricção com pino não consumível (Friction Stir Welding) tem se destacado como um dos mais recentes e promissores. Esse processo se baseia na inserção de um pino em rotação no material, que promove a mistura e aquecimento da região de soldagem devido ao atrito proporcionado, propiciando uma soldagem no estado sólido, sem a geração de fumos ou respingo. Nesse trabalho foi realizado um levantamento do estado da arte da soldagem FSW de polímeros termoplásticos. Buscou-se levantar a influência da ferramenta e dos principais parâmetros de processos sobre as soldas produzidas em diferentes tipos materiais pertencentes a essa classe tentando estabelecer correlação com suas propriedades.

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Optimizing process parameters for joint strength efficiency improvement in friction stir welding of polycarbonate sheets

Sahu

Mishra

Pal

2021

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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The present work addresses optimization of these friction stir welding process variables to maximize joint strength efficiency of welded polycarbonate sheets by using particle swarm optimization algorithm over response surface method based regression model. Initially, parametric influence on weld quality characteristics namely weld bead profile, bead geometry with associated microstructure along with micro‐hardness deviation through the weld centerline and stress‐strain behavior of the weld have been studied in detail as per full factorial design of experiments by using three different tool pin profiles such as cylindrical, square and triangular. The center point experiment i. e. tool rotational speed of 1800 min−1 and welding speed of 20 mm/min, and square tool pin profile were found to be the optimum combination with a maximum joint strength efficiency of 60.06 %. The regression model of weld ultimate tensile strength was developed by using response surface methodology which was found to be significant. Therefore, this model was further used for parametric optimization by using both response surface methodology and intelligent particle swarm optimization approaches. A slight improvement in joint strength efficiency with better optimization capability was found by using particle swarm optimization technique as compared to response surface methodology.

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Investigation on the effects of tool geometry on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded polyethylene and polypropylene sheets

Cited by 85 publications

References 22 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Optimal Welding Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Thermoplastic Polymers and Their Composites

A Comprehensive Review on Optimal Welding Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Thermoplastic Polymers and Their Composites

União de Termoplásticos Pelo Processo Friction Stir Welding: Influência da Ferramenta e Parâmetros do Processo

Optimizing process parameters for joint strength efficiency improvement in friction stir welding of polycarbonate sheets

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