Investigation on the elemental profiles of lip cosmetic products: Concentrations, distribution and assessment of potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risk for consumer safety

Shaaban, Heba; Issa, Sahar Y.; Ahmad, Rizwan; Mostafa, Ahmed; Refai, Sara; Alkharraa, Nooran; Albaqshi, Batool Taleb; Hussien, Dania; Alqarni, Abdulmalik M.

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2022.03.014

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…While diet has been regarded as the major source of lead and arsenic exposure, lip care cosmetics can be another route of lead ingestion [42]. Lead absorption occurs in the human gastrointestinal tract and further accumulates in bone tissues and other soft tissues such as the liver and kidneys [43].…”

Section: Chemical Contaminants Associated With Natural Cosmetic Ingre...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Manful,

Ahmed,

Barry-Ryan

2024

Cosmetics

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Consumer preferences, safety, and sustainability aspects of conventional cosmetic ingredients have contributed to an increase in the demand for natural cosmetic ingredients and products. Naturally derived active cosmetic agents and excipients may come into contact with various naturally occurring and synthetic contaminants throughout the supply chain, and substantiating their safety is essential. This review examines the safety and legislative requirements applicable to natural cosmetic ingredients in the European Union (EU). Cosmetic safety requirements include technical data based on the ingredient profile, presence of hazards and the risks associated with the intended conditions of use. The hazard analysis includes screening for microbial contaminants such as aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans; chemical contaminants such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury; and naturally occurring toxins, such as allergens. The toxicological assessment considers both local effects (such as skin sensitisation, eye/skin irritation, and photo-induced effects) and systemic effects (including acute dermal toxicity, sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, and toxicokinetics). The EU legislative requirements prohibit the use of animal-based tests for the toxicological evaluation of cosmetic ingredients, paving the way for alternatives termed as New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). The validation of NAMs is critical for their wider usage, and despite advancements, few have been validated, particularly for systemic toxicity testing. The use of NAMs in evaluating the safety of complex natural cosmetic ingredients is further examined.

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Section: Chemical Contaminants Associated With Natural Cosmetic Ingre...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Manful,

Ahmed,

Barry-Ryan

2024

Cosmetics

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“…Regular monitoring of undeclared substances including phthalates in personal care products is highly required to ensure the consumers’ safety. In this regard, various analytical methodologies were developed to investigate the occurrence of these chemicals in different care products e.g., [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC-MS Determination of Undeclared Phthalate Esters in Commercial Fragrances: Occurrence, Profiles and Assessment of Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Their Consumption among Adult Consumers

Mostafa

Shaaban

2023

Molecules

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Phthalates are chemicals that are extensively used in the manufacturing of cosmetic products. The occurrence of phthalate esters in personal care products may pose adverse effects on consumers’ health. In this work, a simple, fast and reliable GC-MS method was developed and validated for concurrent determination of phthalate esters in fragrances. Simple procedures were employed for sample preparation and clean up. The recoveries achieved were in the range of 94.9% to 105.6% with RSD ≤ 4.06. The detection limits were in the range of 0.0010 to 0.0021 µg/mL. The GC-MS method was utilized to investigate the occurrence of phthalate esters in different brands of perfumes sold in the Saudi Arabian market. Diethyl phthalate was detected in all analyzed samples, with a maximum concentration of 5766 µg/mL, and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was detected in the majority of the analyzed samples (95%), with a mean concentration of 55.9 µg/mL and a highest concentration of 377.7 µg/mL. Additionally, the exposure to phthalate esters due to the consumption of perfumes was investigated among the adult Saudi population for the first time. It was found that the systemic exposure dose, measured at mean concentrations, ranged from 4.59 × 10−4 to 4.29 × 10−2 (mg/kg/day) and from 5.00 × 10−4 to 4.68 × 10−2 (mg/kg/day) for male and female users, respectively. Moreover, the non-carcinogenic risk of the investigated phthalate esters and the carcinogenic risk of DEHP were also evaluated. The non-carcinogenic risk values of the detected phthalate esters were greater than 100, which indicates that exposure to these phthalate esters is unlikely to produce non-carcinogenic health effects to consumers. However, at maximum DEHP concentrations, the carcinogenic risk values were 5.49 × 10−5 for male users and 5.98 × 10−5 for female users, which indicates the possibility of DEHP to pose a carcinogenic health effect if present at high levels. Regular monitoring of undeclared chemicals such as phthalate esters in personal care products marketed in Saudi Arabia is extremely important to ensure consumers’ safety. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to assess the health risk associated with consumption of perfumes in Saudi Arabia.

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Contamination and Carcinogenic Risks of Lead in Lip Cosmetics in China

Gong,

Chu,

Kwong

et al. 2024

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Investigation on the elemental profiles of lip cosmetic products: Concentrations, distribution and assessment of potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risk for consumer safety

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

GC-MS Determination of Undeclared Phthalate Esters in Commercial Fragrances: Occurrence, Profiles and Assessment of Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Their Consumption among Adult Consumers

Contamination and Carcinogenic Risks of Lead in Lip Cosmetics in China

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