“…The observed bands were labeled with the letters A, B, C, and D. According to the literature [10,43,44], A band is ascribed to the valence to conduction band transition of the host [O (2p)-Ti (3d)], B band resulted from the Pr 3+ to metal charge transfer state (also known as intervalence charge transfer IVCT state), and C band is assigned to the 3 H4 to 3 Pi (I = 0, 1, 2) transitions (f-f transition), respectively. Moreover, the D band demonstrated the lowest field component of the 4f5d state of Pr 3+ [44,45]. Broadbands were observed, which became sharper with Zr 4+ content, increasing in the UV range from 230 nm to 475 nm.…”