Investigation on the technical and economic benefits of implementing biomass gasifier in clay brick manufacturing industries

Chockalingam, Murugan Paradesi; Raveendran, P. Saji; Sekhar, S. Joseph; Navaneethakrishnan, P.; Wincy, W. Beno; Glivin, Godwin

doi:10.1016/j.seta.2022.102554

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…They are inexpensive and used for making floor and wall tiles as well as bricks and roof tiles in small-scale rural kilns or large industrial units. 12 The current study focuses on a locally sourced Chinese red clay obtained from Hunan province in South Central China. While porcelain and refractory clays have been extensively studied, limited literature exists on the abundant common red-burning clays frequently used for traditional ceramics and construction in rural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and properties of Chinese red clay for use as ceramic and construction materials

Gu,

Ling

2024

Science Progress

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This study involves the characterization and analysis of a Chinese red clay obtained from Hunan province to determine its suitability for manufacturing ceramic products. X-ray fluorescence analysis showed the clay has high silica (63.25 weight percent) and alumina (21.38 weight percent) content along with iron oxide, alkalis, and calcium acting as fluxes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of quartz, kaolinite, illite, and hematite as the major mineralogical phases. Scanning electron microscopy revealed loosely stacked, plate-shaped kaolinite particles exhibiting pseudohexagonal morphology. Particle size distribution shows a d50 of 12.7 μm and specific surface area is 21.3 m2/g. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetric analysis showed mass losses between 450–600°C and 950–1050°C corresponding to dehydroxylation and formation of a liquid phase, respectively. Dilatometry traced the onset of viscous flow sintering around 1000°C. Test bars produced from the clay were fired at 800°C, 900°C, 950°C, 1000°C, and 1050°C. The firing shrinkage increased from 2.5% at 800°C to 12.8% at 1050°C. Strength improved from 11.2 megapascals at 800°C to 42.3 megapascals at 1050°C due to densification and mullite formation. Hematite content caused the color to change from orange-red at 950°C to dark red at 1050°C. XRD analysis of fired specimens confirmed the presence of hematite and newly formed mullite and cristobalite phases. The results indicate the suitability of the clay for manufacturing bricks, roof tiles, and wall tiles using appropriate firing temperatures and cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are inexpensive and used for making floor and wall tiles as well as bricks and roof tiles in small-scale rural kilns or large industrial units. 12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and properties of Chinese red clay for use as ceramic and construction materials

Gu,

Ling

2024

Science Progress

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“…However, in recent years a larger focus has been placed on how the production of concrete contributes to about 8% of the total carbon footprint per year (Editorial, 2021). Fired clay bricks have an estimated global production of 1390 billion units per annum with roughly 70%-80% of this being fired in a kiln (Murugan et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022). The traditional process of manufacturing kiln bricks is energy-intensive due to the high temperatures needed for firing (500 °C-900 °C depending on kiln type) (Javed et al, 2020;Mañosa et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on the compressive strength of cement-stabilized rammed earth blocks with varied content of buffelgrass-based fibers in wet-dry conditions

Pederson,

Florendo,

Khawaja

et al. 2024

Front. Built Environ.

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Stabilized rammed earth blocks have been an alternative building material around the world due to their cost efficiency, low embodied energy, and environmental footprints. However, the lower compressive strength and resistance to wearing limits their use in comparison to higher-cost alternatives. The integration of fibers in rammed earth blocks has been a promising technique for enhancing their properties. In this research, the viability of buffelgrass as a reinforcing fiber in stabilized earth blocks was determined. The buffelgrass was incorporated into the mix up to 5% by weight for samples with the increment of 1% for each mix and the durability was determined under wet and dry conditions. In addition, the influence of the buffelgrass on the compressive strength was observed and the optimum content was determined. The morphological characteristics were observed using SEM imaging of the rammed earth and fiber interaction at a fracture surface. The results showed the inclusion of buffelgrass helps the wear resistance of the earth blocks when exposed to wet-dry conditions as well as slightly improving the compressive strength of the material after dry and wet curing.

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“…Several studies assessed the value of using insulating materials to improve buildings' thermal efficiency. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Li et al 18 conducted a computational investigation on the effect of the thermal efficiency of sintered hollow bricks filled with insulation materials. The findings show that internal surface heat flux is lowest when expanded polystyrene (EPS) materials are placed in the external brick cavities and the degradation rate is 5.3%-10.9% greater when EPS is placed in the internal cavities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results demonstrate that the hollow blocks' low emissivity will contribute significantly to a reduction in construction energy use. Several studies assessed the value of using insulating materials to improve buildings' thermal efficiency 18–28 . Li et al 18 conducted a computational investigation on the effect of the thermal efficiency of sintered hollow bricks filled with insulation materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling of conjugate heat transfer through concrete hollow bricks

et al. 2023

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The purpose of this study is to determine the thermal conductance of concrete hollow bricks, which is necessary for the evaluation of the energy efficiency of a building. The three varieties of hollow concrete bricks that are often used to build walls in Morocco are the subject of this study. A computational model created using the finite volume method is used to evaluate the conjugate heat transfer through concrete hollow bricks. According to the results, the use of hollow brick type Ah3 reduces the heat flux by approximately 86% compared with type Ah1. It is undeniable that hollow bricks type Ah3 with a thermal conductivity of 1 W/m K can improve the thermal characteristics of building walls.

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Investigation on the technical and economic benefits of implementing biomass gasifier in clay brick manufacturing industries

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Characterization and properties of Chinese red clay for use as ceramic and construction materials

Characterization and properties of Chinese red clay for use as ceramic and construction materials

Effects on the compressive strength of cement-stabilized rammed earth blocks with varied content of buffelgrass-based fibers in wet-dry conditions

Numerical modeling of conjugate heat transfer through concrete hollow bricks

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