Investigation on thermal performance of steel heat exchanger for ground source heat pump systems using full-scale experiments and numerical simulations

Cao, Shi-Jie; Kong, Xiang-Ri; Deng, Yelin; Zhang, Weirong; Yang, Lingyan; Ye, Zi-Ping

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.12.098

Cited by 72 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Cost (CAD) 35 17,000 45 18,000 100 19,750 150 23,300 300 51,500 The most expensive endeavor is drilling, particularly in Resolute, estimated to cost 4.8 million CAD in Resolute, whereas boreholes would likely cost 1.4 million CAD in Ontario (solid lines in Figure 5). This estimate accounts for the average cost of workers, mud, bits and the rig, although it does not account for the cost increase associated with drilling through permafrost and transporting the equipment [100].…”

Section: Power (Kw)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The facility design is based on advanced "greenhouse operations" capable of high crop yields (>20 times those of conventional agriculture with < 95% water use and smart management of nutrient cycles). Ground Source Heat Pumps use the earth as a heat sink, heating or cooling surface air to control the temperature of a space [50][51][52][53]. While heating, GSHPs use a warm fluid (generally air, antifreeze fluid, or water) to exchange heat with the air in the space, and the cooled geothermal fluid is either reinjected or recirculated at depth; this mechanism is reversed when cooling an area with low-temperature water used to extract heat from the air and depositing it elsewhere [51,54,55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ground Source Heat Pumps use the earth as a heat sink, heating or cooling surface air to control the temperature of a space [50][51][52][53]. While heating, GSHPs use a warm fluid (generally air, antifreeze fluid, or water) to exchange heat with the air in the space, and the cooled geothermal fluid is either reinjected or recirculated at depth; this mechanism is reversed when cooling an area with low-temperature water used to extract heat from the air and depositing it elsewhere [51,54,55]. Although GSHPs have high initial costs, particularly as retrofits, they offer low operating and maintenance costs, a coefficient of performance (COP) above 2, good lifespan, and are little affected by market prices of fuels or geopolitical perturbations [37,40,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geothermal Energy for Sustainable Food Production in Canada’s Remote Northern Communities

et al. 2019

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The cold, remote, northern regions of Canada constitute a challenging environment for the provision of reliable energy and food supply to communities. A transition from fossil fuels to renewables-based sources of energy is one positive step in reducing the greenhouse gases from the energy supply system, which currently requires long-distance transport of diesel for electricity and heating needs. Geothermal energy can not only displace diesel for part of this energy need, it can provide a base-load source of local energy to support food production and mitigate adverse impacts of food insecurity on communities. In this proof-of-concept study, we highlight some potential benefits of using geothermal energy to serve Canada's northern communities. Specifically, we focus on food security and evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of producing vegetables in a "controlled environment", using ground sources of heat for energy requirements at three remote locations-Resolute Bay, Nunavut, as well as Moosonee and Pagwa in Ontario. The system is designed for geothermal district heating combined with efficient use of nutrients, water, and heat to yield a diverse crop of vegetables at an average cost up to 50% lower than the current cost of these vegetables delivered to Resolute Bay. The estimates of thermal energy requirements vary by location (e.g., they are in the range of 41 to 44 kW of thermal energy for a single greenhouse in Resolute Bay). To attain adequate system size to support the operation of such greenhouses, it is expected that up to 15% of the annually recommended servings of vegetables can be provided. Our comparative analysis of geothermal system capital costs shows significantly lower capital costs in Southern Ontario compared to Northern Canada-lower by one-third. Notwithstanding high capital costs, our study demonstrates the technical and economic feasibility of producing vegetables cost-effectively in the cold northern climate. This suggests that geothermal energy systems can supply the heat needed for greenhouse applications in remote northern regions, supplying a reliable and robust source of cost-competitive sustainable energy over the long-term and providing a basis for improved food security and economic empowerment of communities.Energies 2019, 12, 4058 2 of 25 and food insecurity, water scarcity, ocean pollution, and environmental threats, such as climate change, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and air pollution [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Limitations of nonrenewable energy sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, and uranium [2,15,16], including the high cost of exploration, exploitation, and transportation, as well as ancillary factors such as political issues [17], have resulted in concerns over energy. Additionally, burning fossil fuels for electricity generation, heating and cooling needs is deemed a major contributor to emissions of GHGs [3,[18][19][20][21][22][23].Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a principal GHG agent, and new, long-residence CO 2 is...

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Section: Power (Kw)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geothermal Energy for Sustainable Food Production in Canada’s Remote Northern Communities

et al. 2019

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“…In the recent researches, most studies have concentrated on improving the performance of the GSHP system by experimental and numerical method. Some papers concentrate on the experiment and simulation on the thermal performance of ground heat exchanger (GHE) for the GSHP system [6][7][8]. Cao et al [6] used the experiment and CFD simulation to make research on the thermal performance for a new type of ground heat exchanger, and also analyzed the entire thermal resistance of the GHE and the soil temperature distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some papers concentrate on the experiment and simulation on the thermal performance of ground heat exchanger (GHE) for the GSHP system [6][7][8]. Cao et al [6] used the experiment and CFD simulation to make research on the thermal performance for a new type of ground heat exchanger, and also analyzed the entire thermal resistance of the GHE and the soil temperature distribution. Yuan et al [7] reviewed the analytical solution, numerical solution and experimental investigation of the heat transfer of GHE, and the paper also analyzed the simulation model and long-term operation performance of the GSHP system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of a continuous operating ground source heat pump system in Wuhan, China

et al. 2018

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Coefficient of performance of air conditioning system is the ratio of cooling capacity and power consumption, and also is an important parameter to characterize the performance of the system. Based on an actual ground source heat pump system in Wuhan, China, this paper calculated the coefficient of performance of the system under long-term continuous cooling operation and then evaluated the performance of the system through experiment. The continuous testing time ranged from June 1, 2017, to June 15, 2017, and the outside air temperature ranged from 21 °C to 32 °C during the testing progress. The experimental results show that the coefficient of performance of the system changes non-linearly with time, and varies greatly with the atmospheric temperature. The results also show that the coefficient of performances average value of the system is about 3.3, and the system has good performance under refrigeration conditions. This paper helps to understand the changes in the distribution characteristics of the coefficient of performance of the ground source heat pump system and promote the wide application of the ground source heat pump system.

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A comprehensive review on experimental, numerical and optimization analysis of EAHE and GSHP systems

Noman

Tirumalachetty

Athikesavan

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Investigation on thermal performance of steel heat exchanger for ground source heat pump systems using full-scale experiments and numerical simulations

Cited by 72 publications

References 27 publications

Geothermal Energy for Sustainable Food Production in Canada’s Remote Northern Communities

Geothermal Energy for Sustainable Food Production in Canada’s Remote Northern Communities

Experimental analysis of a continuous operating ground source heat pump system in Wuhan, China

A comprehensive review on experimental, numerical and optimization analysis of EAHE and GSHP systems

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