Investigation on third order nonlinear optical, electrical and surface properties of organic stilbazolium crystal of 4-N,N-dimethylamino-N′-methylstilbazolium p-methoxybenzenesulfonate

Raj, A. Antony; Gunaseelan, R.; Sagayaraj, P.

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.10.011

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The results of the nonlinear parameters of the NSPI crystal are enumerated in Table . As can be seen from Table , it seems that the NSPI crystal has a high order of nonlinear susceptibility (10 –7 ), comparable to those of some organic crystals. ,− This is because of the electron density transfer from the NO 2 group to the N -ethylpyridinium moiety, such that the strong delocalization of the π-electrons makes the molecule highly polarized, which is responsible for the enhanced nonlinearity of the NSPI crystal. , The results obtained imply that the NSPI crystal has a better third-order NLO response and that this material can be ideally suited for applications such as optical limiting, optical signal processing, and more.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

A New Nonlinear Optical Stilbazolium Family Crystal of (E)-1-Ethyl-2-(4-nitrostyryl) Pyridin-1-ium Iodide: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Its Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

Karuppanan

Kalainathan

2018

J. Phys. Chem. C

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The derivative of an organic stilbazolium single crystal, (E)-1-ethyl-2-(4-nitrostyryl) pyridin-1-ium iodide (hereafter abbreviated as NSPI), was synthesized by the Knoevenagel condensation method. Single crystal of NSPI of size 13 × 12 × 3 mm3 were obtained from a 1:1 ratio of methanol and acetonitrile mixed solvent using the slow evaporation technique. X-ray structural analysis has indicated that NSPI crystallizes in the centric triclinic system with the P1̅ space group. In addition, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses were carried out to confirm the molecular structure of the grown crystal. The small energy difference of the frontier molecular orbitals indicates the possible nonlinear optical properties present in the title crystal. Thermal studies confirm that the material has a good thermal stability of about 151 °C. Etching studies provide the layered growth of the NSPI crystal with fewer dislocations. The optical transmission range and the band gap were assessed by UV–vis transmission study. Red emission taking place at 721 nm was identified from a photoluminescence study. The NSPI crystal has good resistance to laser radiation against the Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm. The third-order NLO efficiency of the NSPI crystal was determined via the Z-scan technique with a He–Ne laser excitation source operating at 632.8 nm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

A New Nonlinear Optical Stilbazolium Family Crystal of (E)-1-Ethyl-2-(4-nitrostyryl) Pyridin-1-ium Iodide: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Its Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

Karuppanan

Kalainathan

2018

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…In addition, the surface roughness parameter can be performed via 5 parameters: amplitude, feature, hybrid, functional and spatial parameter. Amplitude is a crucial parameter that provides essential morphological information [54] . The calculated two amplitude roughness values for Sa a root mean squared roughness and Sq average roughness were 54.9338 and 26.0707 nm, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Amplitude is a crucial parameter that provides essential morphological information. [54] The calculated two amplitude roughness values for Sa a root mean squared roughness and Sq average roughness were 54.9338 and 26.0707 nm, respectively. The average difference height among the lowest five valleys and highest five peaks, along the profile length, the ten-point height S z value is estimated to be 43.732 nm.…”

Section: Afm Analysismentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The observed results indicate that the HMPI crystal has a stronger third-order NLO behaviour and it is appropriate for optical limiting, and optical signal processing. [71] Crystal Name χ 3 values DSMOS [54] 5.05×10 À 8 esu NSPI [59] 9.09×10 À 7 esu MMPI [72] 7.87636×10 À 6 esu HMPI-Present work 3.19854×10 À 5 esu 254 °C. The value of HOMO-LUMO band gap energy is 2.373 eV an added benefit of exhibiting the enhanced nonlinearity of the HMPI crystal.…”

Section: Closed Aperture (Ca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation, Crystal Structure, Physico‐chemical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a New D‐π‐A Centrosymmetric Stilbazolium Framework of 4‐[2‐(3hydroxy‐phenyl)‐vinyl]‐1‐methyl‐pyridinium iodide (HMPI)

Nandhini,

Kalainathan

2024

ChemistrySelect

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New organic Stilbazolium cation Salt of 4‐[2‐(3 hydroxy‐phenyl)‐vinyl]‐1‐methyl‐pyridinium iodide (HMPI), which was obtained through solvent evaporation solution growth. The crystal structure was proved via the SC‐XRD technique. Its outcome reveals that the HMPI crystallised in a centrosymmetric pattern (P121/n1) and monoclinic crystal system. The compositional analysis was performed via 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The FT‐IR spectrum was used to determine the vibrational mode of the different molecular groups present in the material. The intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure were studied using Hirshfeld surface analysis. The molecular orbital energies (HOMO‐LUMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) were estimated using the Gaussian program with the density functional theory (DFT) method. The linear optical study revealed the transmittance percentage, lower cut‐off wavelength, and energy band gap for HMPI crystal. In the photoluminescence study, a green colour broad emission peak is observed at 521 nm. TG and DTA measured the thermal behaviour of grown HMPI crystal. Chemical etching and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments were used to report the surface properties of grown HMPI crystal. The Z‐scan technique, a He−Ne continuous wave laser at 632.8 nm used to measure the third‐order nonlinear optical susceptibility of the HMPI crystal. The Z scan approach reveals a saturable absorption and self‐defocusing nature of the title crystal.

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“…Organic single crystals are now common when investigating new materials with broad applicability in the realm of NLO devices . The π-electronic delocalization in, for example, aromatic fragments, of these organic NLO-phores, can give rise to specific strong noncovalent interactions such as π-stacking, thus greatly increasing their packing density and ultimately leading to large nonlinear responses. − One family of these organic crystals, which are highly studied, are the stilbazolium derivatives, mainly due to their good crystal growth, satisfactory performance in NLO, and crystal transparency in the vis–NIR region, in most cases, very desirable for applications in optoelectronics. − Therefore, theoretical approaches aiming at describing the electronic features responsible for good NLO properties of stilbazolium derivatives can be an invaluable tool both to predict and/or understand practical experimental investigations in the realm of NLO and photonics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Model of Polarization Effects on Third-Order NLO Properties of the Stilbazolium Derivative Crystal

et al. 2022

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The linear and nonlinear properties of the stilbazolium derivative, 2-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-vinyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium naphthalene-2sulfonate dihydrate crystal (VSNS), were investigated using an iterative electrostatic embedding scheme and density functional theory (DFT). The dipole moment and second hyperpolarizability of the VSNS molecule are sharply influenced by its crystalline phase. Standard DFT global hybrids such as B3LYP and M06 are strongly benefited by the effects of crystalline polarization. The performance can be further improved by making small changes in the amount of Hartree−Fock exchange included in the hybrid, delivering good hyperpolarizability and spectroscopy.

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Investigation on third order nonlinear optical, electrical and surface properties of organic stilbazolium crystal of 4-N,N-dimethylamino-N′-methylstilbazolium p-methoxybenzenesulfonate

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

A New Nonlinear Optical Stilbazolium Family Crystal of (E)-1-Ethyl-2-(4-nitrostyryl) Pyridin-1-ium Iodide: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Its Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

A New Nonlinear Optical Stilbazolium Family Crystal of (E)-1-Ethyl-2-(4-nitrostyryl) Pyridin-1-ium Iodide: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Its Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

Preparation, Crystal Structure, Physico‐chemical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a New D‐π‐A Centrosymmetric Stilbazolium Framework of 4‐[2‐(3hydroxy‐phenyl)‐vinyl]‐1‐methyl‐pyridinium iodide (HMPI)

Theoretical Model of Polarization Effects on Third-Order NLO Properties of the Stilbazolium Derivative Crystal

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