Investigations into the initial composition of latent fingermark lipids by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Frick, Amanda A.; Chidlow, G.; Lewis, Simon W.; Bronswijk, Wilhelm van

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.06.032

Cited by 43 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…T A B L E 1 Main constituents of human glands found in fingermark residues (Adapted from Champod, Lennard, Margot, & Stoilovic, 2016;Knowles, 1978;Ramotowski, 2001) A large number of papers have dealt with fingermark composition and their variability factors such as, the age or the gender of the donor, among other (Antoine, Mortazavi, Miller, & Miller, 2010;Asano, Bayne, Horsman, & Buchanan, 2002;Bohanan, 1998;Buchanan, Asano, & Bohanon, 1997;Cadd et al, 2015;Croxton, Baron, Butler, Kent, & Sears, 2006, 2010Frick, Chidlow, Lewis, & van Bronswijk, 2015;Fritz et al, 2013;Girod et al, 2012;Girod & Weyermann, 2014;Huynh, Brunelle, Halámková, Agudelo, & Halámek, 2015). New analytical techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Croxton et al, 2006;Girod & Weyermann, 2014;Richmond-Aylor, Bell, Callery, & Morris, 2007;Weyermann, Roux, & Champod, 2011) or Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Johnston & Rogers, 2017a allow even more compounds to be detected and their interactions analyzed.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling fingermark variability for research purposes: A review

Steiner

Roux

Moret

2019

WIREs Forensic Science

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Fingermark detection is a very active field of research in forensic science, with many different strategies currently investigated to always improve detection rate. However, each new technique has first to be optimized, assessed and validated with many fingermarks from multiple donors across a wide variety of substrates before being included into laboratories operating procedures. This process often requires the collaboration of research groups and operational laboratories from different countries, and it takes several years for a new method to be applied routinely in casework. One particular challenge that makes the process from R&D to operations complicated is the significant intrinsic within‐ and between‐source variability of fingermarks. Many studies partially addressing fingermark variability have been reported but a comprehensive approach to the problem is yet to be found. This review describes the factors of fingermark variability and provides an extensive overview of various strategies implemented to control it. The use of artificial fingermarks or simulants, containing some of the most abundant compounds found in fingermark residue has been investigated by some research teams. However, most of these formulations are too simplistic and can only be used to assess a restrictive number of detection techniques, such as amino acid reagents. Practical applications of artificial fingermarks such as test strips and proficiency testing are reviewed. The advantage and challenges of using artificial fingermarks in the first stages of fingermark detection research are presented. This article is categorized under: Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Fingermarks and Other Marks

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Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling fingermark variability for research purposes: A review

Steiner

Roux

Moret

2019

WIREs Forensic Science

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“…C16:0 FAME is therefore the most abundant compound in natural fingerprint residues, which explains its very strong correlation. The FAMEs C14:0, C15:0, C18: also observed that hexadecenoic acid and squalene both contribute to variation in fingerprint residues [21,22,27]. As seen in Figure 7, face residues are more correlated with a branched C14:1 FAME and a branched 15:1 FAME (RT= 7.369 and 7.95, respectively).…”

Section: Intra-subject Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Inconsistencies like these have been attributed to contaminants such as cosmetic products, moisturizers, or even the genetic makeup of the individual [27].…”

Section: Sex Age and Race Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variability of fingerprint residues over time has been previously studied: this variability may be due to the time since deposition, the diet of an individual, the substrate and conditions to which the fingerprint has been exposed, the sex of the donor, cosmetic products, age, etc. [22,27,33]. Due to some of the aforementioned issues, it is important to characterize the variability within an individual's fingerprint residues as well as determine the source of the lipids that are being deposited.…”

Section: Variability Of Fingerprint Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of the variability between participants can be seen in Figure 8. Previous literature has noted the potential to identify individuals based on the chemical composition of fingerprint residues [18,21,27,29]. For identification to be possible, an individual's residues must cluster separately: i.e.…”

Section: Inter-subject Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Analysis of the Fatty Acid Content of Fingerprint Residues Using Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry

Cochran¹

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The Analysis of the Fatty Acid Content of Fingerprint Residues Using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Ashley CochranOne of the recurring issues in the practice of forensic science is human subjectivity, especially within the field of fingerprint examination. Smudged fingerprints at crime scenes that contain little to no ridge detail often cause problems for examiners who, in turn, are unable to make identifications or exclusions in the absence of DNA markers. In recent years, researchers have explored the chemical composition of fingerprint residues to either provide an alternative means for including or excluding potential donors, or to provide investigative leads. Research into the chemical composition of fingerprints has shown that it may be possible to determine sex, age, and race from residues that are left behind when a fingerprint is deposited on a surface. However, it is important to first ensure that residues deposited by one individual remain consistent over a period of time.In this study, five different types of skin residues (natural, eccrine, face, neck, and groomed fingerprints) were collected from six participants over the course of 56 days to assess both intra-and inter-subject variability of the different sample types. Natural prints consisted of any substances that were on the participant's hands upon arrival at each collection event. Eccrine residues were collected after washing hands with soap and water. Groomed prints were collected after rubbing hands across the subject's own face and neck. The measured variables were the relative quantities of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), squalene, and cholesterol in each subject's residues. The fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed using a conventional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) instrument. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was used to classify the data into known grouping factors to determine if there were sufficient differences between the residues of different samples or subjects to enable classification between groups.The results show that within an individual, 82% of the original grouped cases were correctly classified and 62% of the cross-validated grouped cases were correctly classified to the correct source of the sample. In other words, there are significant chemical differences between the five types of samples collected from an individual. Natural and eccrine residues generally contained the fewest compounds and in the lowest amounts and were not helpful for discriminating between individuals. Saturated fatty acids such as C16:0 and C18:0 were the most commonly observed compounds in the natural and eccrine residues. Groomed fingerprint residues contained more FAMEs than the natural and eccrine residues, although not as many FAMEs as the face and neck residues. Using leave-one-out cross validation, classifying subjects using a fixed sample type, like face or neck, provided better than 92% and 77% accuracy, respectively, even when including the intra-subject variability over a 56-day period. The results indicate tha...

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MALDI Mass Spectrometry Profiling and Imaging Applied to the Analysis of Latent Fingermarks

Bradshaw

2017

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Latent fingermarks are derived from a transfer of material from the fingertips to a surface upon contact. Traditionally, fingermarks are employed for biometric identification of individuals based on matching of the pattern of the ridges. However, in recent years, there has been a stark increase in the use of advanced analytical techniques in order to obtain additional information, specifically the chemical composition of the residue. Understanding the complexity of the endogenous and exogenous content of fingermarks could be extremely useful in allowing further development of enhancement techniques currently used in forensic scenarios by identifying potential target molecules. This chemical information could also potentially provide invaluable information on the lifestyle of an individual, including their activities prior to depositing a mark.An analytical tool that has gained notable popularity in this novel area of research is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). This technique can either be employed for rapid chemical profiling or imaging of fingermarks to detect chemical species contained within the residue, with the latter also allowing for physical reconstruction of the fingermark ridges.This chapter will provide an overview of the protocols employed to allow for both MALDI MS profiling and imaging analysis of latent fingermarks, specifically covering the types of fingermarks employed and techniques used to deposit matrices onto samples.

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Investigations into the initial composition of latent fingermark lipids by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 43 publications

References 51 publications

Controlling fingermark variability for research purposes: A review

Controlling fingermark variability for research purposes: A review

The Analysis of the Fatty Acid Content of Fingerprint Residues Using Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry

MALDI Mass Spectrometry Profiling and Imaging Applied to the Analysis of Latent Fingermarks

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