2007
DOI: 10.33584/jnzg.2007.69.2682
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Investigations of alternative kale management: Production, regrowth and quality from different sowing and defoliation dates

Abstract: Gruner kale showed a linear increase (8.0 kg DM/ha per °Cd) in biomass with sowings on 1 October, 3 November and 1 December producing 23, 19 and 17 t DM/ha (respectively) by the 29 May. Regrowth following mid season defoliation was slow (5.3 kg DM/ha per °Cd) reducing total production (relative to undefoliated) by 7.5 and 5.5 t DM/ha for treatments defoliated on the 29 January and 14 March, respectively. Keyworks: defoliation, kale, quality, regrowth, sowing date, thermal time, yield

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Cited by 19 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…In the New Zealand dairy industry, and particularly in the South Island, pregnant, nonlactating dairy cows commonly graze winter forage crops to achieve body condition score targets for the start of calving in early spring (Judson et al ., ). Forage crops such as kale ( Brassica oleracea L.) are normally sown in the previous spring, reaching yields of 10–16 t DM/ha when grazing starts in winter (Brown et al ., ). Crops are grazed for 8–10 weeks, after which the cropped area remains fallow until the next crop is sown in late spring (2–3 months later).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…In the New Zealand dairy industry, and particularly in the South Island, pregnant, nonlactating dairy cows commonly graze winter forage crops to achieve body condition score targets for the start of calving in early spring (Judson et al ., ). Forage crops such as kale ( Brassica oleracea L.) are normally sown in the previous spring, reaching yields of 10–16 t DM/ha when grazing starts in winter (Brown et al ., ). Crops are grazed for 8–10 weeks, after which the cropped area remains fallow until the next crop is sown in late spring (2–3 months later).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…They require large amounts of N (Wilson et al. , 2006) to produce yields of 20 t DM ha −1 or more (Brown et al. , 2007; Fletcher et al.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The DM yields in the current experiments (Figure ) were consistent with those reported for forage kale and rape crops of 5–13 t DM ha −1 for dry‐land production (Wilson et al ., ; Chakwizira et al ., , ) and 12–27 t DM ha −1 for irrigated crops (Wilson et al ., ; Brown et al ., ; Fletcher et al ., ; de Ruiter et al ., ; Chakwizira et al ., , , ). Low DM yield under N stress has been attributed to limited leaf expansion (Fletcher et al ., ) and hence reduced radiation interception.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%