Investigations of clinical isolations of oral poliovirus vaccine strains between 2000 and 2005 in southern Taiwan

Yu, Chia-Yi; Tseng, Fan-Chen; Liu, Ding-Ping; Chang, Ya Wen; Wu, Han Chieh; Huang, Yung Feng; Hwang, Kao Pin; Hsu, Yun Wei; Wang, Shih-Min; Liu, Ching-Chuan; Wu, Ho Sheng; Yang, Jyh Yuan; Yang, Chen Fu; Wang, Jen Ren; Su, Ih Jen

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2009.03.013

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Most data regarding vaccine-related polioviruses and VDPVs are from samples collected during investigations of outbreaks triggered by acute flaccid paralysis cases or from environmental surveillance (6–11). A few studies have sequenced vaccine-related viruses isolated from asymptomatic individuals or their contacts after OPV vaccination; however, these studies relied upon tissue culture amplification, which may on its own introduce mutations, and Sanger sequencing technology, which is insensitive to low-level variants (12–15). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Emerging Vaccine-Related Polioviruses by Deep Sequencing

et al. 2017

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Oral poliovirus vaccine can mutate to regain neurovirulence. To date, evaluation of these mutations has been performed primarily on culture-enriched isolates by using conventional Sanger sequencing. We therefore developed a culture-independent, deep-sequencing method targeting the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) and P1 genomic region to characterize vaccine-related poliovirus variants. Error analysis of the deep-sequencing method demonstrated reliable detection of poliovirus mutations at levels of <1%, depending on read depth. Sequencing of viral nucleic acids from the stool of vaccinated, asymptomatic children and their close contacts collected during a prospective cohort study in Veracruz, Mexico, revealed no vaccine-derived polioviruses. This was expected given that the longest duration between sequenced sample collection and the end of the most recent national immunization week was 66 days. However, we identified many low-level variants (<5%) distributed across the 5′ UTR and P1 genomic region in all three Sabin serotypes, as well as vaccine-related viruses with multiple canonical mutations associated with phenotypic reversion present at high levels (>90%). These results suggest that monitoring emerging vaccine-related poliovirus variants by deep sequencing may aid in the poliovirus endgame and efforts to ensure global polio eradication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Emerging Vaccine-Related Polioviruses by Deep Sequencing

et al. 2017

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“…[1,2] Other than VAPP cases and VDPVs, Type 2 polio vaccine strains can also cause a variety of illnesses. [3] To the best of our knowledge, no cases of pneumonia resulting from Type 2 polio vaccine strains have been reported. However, here we report an infant case associated with the Type 2 polio vaccine strain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The clinical and virologic investigation revealed that respiratory illnesses were diagnosed in many patients but only the Sabin poliovirus could be detected in their respiratory tracts, suggesting that ingested OPVs spread and cause diseases beyond the gastrointestinal tract. [3] The poliovirus caused outbreaks of human acute respiratory diseases or "minor illnesses" without clinical symptoms of the involvement of the central nervous system. A search of the database revealed that OPVs spread through the nasopharynx which is detected by serum neutralization from patients with acute respiratory infections.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains

Zhang

et al. 2017

Chinese Medical Journal

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Estimation of Contamination Sources of Human Enteroviruses in a Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation System by PCR–DGGE

Wang

et al. 2014

Food Environ Virol

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A polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method was employed to estimate the contamination sources of human enteroviruses and understand how their dominant strains vary in a wastewater treatment and reclamation system consisting of sewage collection, wastewater treatment with membrane bioreactor and open lakes for reclaimed water storage and reuse. After PCR-DGGE using a selected primer set targeting enteroviruses, phylogenetic analysis of acquired enterovirus gene sequences was performed. Enteroviruses identified from the septic tank were much more diverse than those from grey water and kitchen wastewater. Several unique types of enterovirus different from those in wastewater samples were dominant in a biological wastewater treatment unit. Membrane filtration followed by chlorination was proved effective for physically eliminating enteroviruses; however, secondary contamination likely occurred as the reclaimed water was stored in artificial lakes. Enterovirus 71 (EV71), a hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) viral pathogen, was detected mainly from the artificial lakes, implying that wastewater effluent was not the contamination source of EV71 and that there were unidentified non-point sources of the contamination with the HFMD viral pathogen in the reclaimed water stored in the artificial lakes. The PCR-DGGE targeting enteroviruses provided robust evidence about viral contamination sources in the wastewater treatment and reclamation system.

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Investigations of clinical isolations of oral poliovirus vaccine strains between 2000 and 2005 in southern Taiwan

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Detection of Emerging Vaccine-Related Polioviruses by Deep Sequencing

Detection of Emerging Vaccine-Related Polioviruses by Deep Sequencing

A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains

Estimation of Contamination Sources of Human Enteroviruses in a Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation System by PCR–DGGE

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