Investigations of GMAW plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

Zielińska, Sylwia; Musioł, Karol; Dzierżęga, Krzysztof; Pellerin, Stéphane; Valensi, Flavien; Izarra, Charles de; Briand, Francis

doi:10.1088/0963-0252/16/4/019

Cited by 105 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Figure 5 shows a comparison of the temperature dependency of the normalized electron Stark width ∆λ Se /N e deduced from experiments and calculated here for the neutral iron line at 538.337 nm. Additionally, an experimental fit of the electron Stark width of this line ∆λ Se /N e = 1.324 × 10 −33 m 4 (T /13000 K) 1.67 determined by Zielinska et al [1] is given. The widths calculated here are approximately a factor two below the 'simple theoretical prediction' given by Freudenstein [50].…”

Section: Electron Stark Width Scaling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In atmospheric pressure arcs such as welding arcs [1,2] the energy transport by radiation has a significant influence on the energy balance and needs to be included in corresponding numerical models. The conditions in these arcs are such that the plasma is optically thick in a significant range of wavelengths so that a treatment of the radiation transport has to take into account reabsorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Net emission coefficients of argon iron plasmas with electron Stark widths scaled to experiments

Wendt¹

2011

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The net emission coefficient of plasmas containing argon and iron at atmospheric pressure is calculated and analysed for the case of cylindrical geometry. Its values are obtained by integrating the monochromatic net emission coefficient taking into account continuous and line radiation. The width of the spectral lines is determined by Doppler broadening, natural, resonance, van der Waals, electron and ion Stark broadening. As Stark broadening is the most important broadening mechanism in the considered pressure and temperature range, the electron Stark widths are calculated following the semi-empirical Stark broadening theory. Additionally, the electron Stark widths of Ar, Ar+, Fe and Fe+ are multiplied by scaling factors in order to reproduce experimental electron Stark widths. The scaling factor is determined for each species separately. For small plasma radii the net emission coefficient determined here shows good agreement with literature values where spherical geometry is considered while they decrease faster with increasing plasma radius. This behaviour is caused by the increase of the irradiation of the symmetry axis when cylindrical instead of spherical geometry is considered. For radii and temperatures typical of the metal filled core of arcs occurring in gas metal arc welding processes, i.e. radii between 1 and 2 × 10−3 m and temperatures between 5000 and 10 000 K, the scaling of the Stark widths increases the net emission coefficient of iron plasmas by between 2% and 23%. In this parameter range the net emission coefficient of iron plasmas for cylindrical geometry is between 30% and 37% smaller than values calculated for spherical geometry.

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Section: Electron Stark Width Scaling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net emission coefficients of argon iron plasmas with electron Stark widths scaled to experiments

Wendt¹

2011

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Such effects can be expected in the near-electrode regions and the arc fringes, where deviations from thermal and chemical equilibrium appear. The experiments reported in [24] provide evidence of deviations from thermal equilibrium close to the cathode. In particular, the electron temperature can differ from the temperature of heavy particles by several thousand kelvin; this difference is needed in order to ensure the transfer of current to the electrodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In order to obtain a realistic data set for an arc plasma containing iron metal vapour, a magnetohydrodynamic model is developed for the configuration of the gas-metal welding arc considered in [23,24]. The consumable electrode is an iron wire with a radius of 0.6 mm.…”

Section: Arc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A collisional-radiative model of iron vapour in a thermal arc plasma

Baeva

Uhrlandt

Murphy

2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Although this impact can be properly studied by OES along the arc cross section, such comparisons have been made up to now for few examples of GMAW processes only. The different radial arc structure in front of the work piece for welding gases argon and mixtures of argon and CO 2 as well as the transition from a spray arc to a globular arc operation have been analysed in [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the welding gas influence on a controlled short-arc GMAW process by optical emission spectroscopy

Wilhelm¹,

Gött²,

Schöpp³

et al. 2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The controlled short-arc processes, variants of the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process, which have recently been developed, are used to reduce the heat input into the workpiece. Such a process with a wire feeding speed which varies periodically, using a steel wire and a steel workpiece to produce bead-on-plate welds has been investigated. As welding gases CO2 and a mixture of Ar and O2 have been used. Depending on the gas, the properties of the plasma change, and as a consequence the weldseams themselves also differ distinctly. Optical emission spectroscopy has been applied to analyse the plasma. The radial profiles of the emission coefficients of an iron line and an argon line or an atomic oxygen line, respectively, have been determined. These profiles indicate the establishment of a metal vapour arc core which has a broader profile under CO2 but is more focused in the centre for argon. The measured iron line emission was near to its norm maximum in the case of CO2. From this fact, temperatures around 8000 K and a metal vapour molar fraction above 75% in the arc centre could be roughly estimated for this case. Estimations of the electrical conductivity and the arc field indicate that the current path must include not only the metal vapour arc core but also outer hot regions dominated by welding gas properties in the case of argon.

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Investigations of GMAW plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

Cited by 105 publications

References 16 publications

Net emission coefficients of argon iron plasmas with electron Stark widths scaled to experiments

Net emission coefficients of argon iron plasmas with electron Stark widths scaled to experiments

A collisional-radiative model of iron vapour in a thermal arc plasma

Study of the welding gas influence on a controlled short-arc GMAW process by optical emission spectroscopy

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