Investigations of graphene impact on oil mobility and physicochemical interaction with sandstone surface

An atomistic investigation into water adsorption behavior on the surfaces of quartz (001) and calcite (001)

“…To calculate the equilibrated density of the optimized water box, the number-pressure-temperature (NPT) isobaric-isothermal ensemble was used for constant number-pressuretemperature with the ambient pressure was performed at 298 K for 10 ps, 20 ps, 30 ps, 40 ps, and 50 ps simulation time and the integration step was set to 1 fs. The water equilibrated density was found to 0.96005 g/cm 3 . Then, three layers were combined as an integrated layer using the "build layers" module.…”

“…Then, two-dimensional supercells of 2 × 2 were rebuilt, and the three-dimensional crystal had established through "build vacuum slab". The quartz dimension was set to (9.81 × 13.23 × 9.81) Å 3 . The dimension of calcite mineral was set to (9.98 × 15.63 × 9.98) Å 3 .…”

“…The quartz dimension was set to (9.81 × 13.23 × 9.81) Å 3 . The dimension of calcite mineral was set to (9.98 × 15.63 × 9.98) Å 3 . The mentioned dimensions are in x × y × z axes.…”

“…The importance of adsorption investigation into petroleum studies is because of its' potential to discover substantial findings of existing mechanisms such as wettability alteration in a porous medium [1][2][3][4][5]. It would be crucial at the time of designing enhanced oil recovery technologies like low salinity water flooding [6,7].…”

Recent advances in the applications of graphene materials for the oil and gas industry

“…Yusuff et al investigated the effects of graphene concentrations (0.01, 0.05 & 0.1 wt%) on flowability of oil and its adsorption energy. 34 Viscosity of the more viscous crude oil was reduced by 43–65%. The adsorption energy of graphene is moderately low and potentially viable for sandstone reservoir application.…”