Investigations of Sar Distributions and Temperature Elevation on Human Body at 60 GHZ With Corrugated Antipodal Linear Tapered Slot Antenna

Shrivastava, Purva; Rao, T. Rama

doi:10.2528/pierm17041707

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Shrivastava and Rao [ 2017 ] tested a 60 GHz antipodal linear tapered slot antenna (ALTSA) exhibiting a SAR of 0.10 and 0.23 W/kg for a transmit power of 10 mW for operation near the head and anterior thigh, respectively. Recording the evolution of temperature, they noted that a maximum simulated and measured (using IR imaging) skin surface temperature increase of 0.82 and 0.6°C occurred, respectively, in the anterior thigh, and there was a maximum simulated and measured temperature increase of 0.52 and 0.4°C, respectively, in the head.…”

Section: Wearablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Wearables and Implants: A Dosimetry Review

Guido

Kiourti

2019

Bioelectromagnetics

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Wireless wearable and implantable devices are continuing to grow in popularity, and as this growth occurs, so too does the need to consider the safety of such devices. Wearable and implantable devices require the transmitting and receiving of electromagnetic waves near and through the body, which at high enough exposure levels may damage proximate tissues. The specific absorption rate (SAR) is the quantity commonly used to enumerate exposure levels, and various national and international organizations have defined regulations limiting exposure to ensure safe operation. In this paper, we comprehensively review dosimetric studies reported in the literature up to the year 2019 for wearables and implants. We discuss antenna designs for wearables and implants as they relate to SAR values and field and thermal distributions in tissue, present designs that have made steps to reduce SAR, and then review SAR considerations as they relate to applied devices. As compared with previous review papers, this paper is the first review to focus on dosimetry aspects relative to wearable and implantable devices. Bioelectromagnetics. 2020;41:3–20 © 2019 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Wearablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Wearables and Implants: A Dosimetry Review

Guido

Kiourti

2019

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…This study highlighted that at 60 GHz, the evaluated SAR is higher than the other bands, showing that the SAR value increases with frequency. Another study discussed the SAR distribution analysis for a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW)-based slot antenna [53]. The SAR distributions in homogeneous phantom model due to SIW-based antenna are computed at 60 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Printed Gap Waveguide Antenna at 60 GHz on the Human Body

Hamada,

M. Ali,

Shams

et al. 2024

Journal of Advanced Engineering Trends

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“…Hence, PD is not as useful as SAR or temperature for evaluating safety in mm-wave devices, especially in the near field. Therefore, SAR has been used in several studies as one of the dosimetric quantities at mm-waves to study the exposure [29][30][31][32][33][34]. Therefore, it is important to conclude the temperature elevation in the human tissues along with SAR and/or PD values calculations, whereas the rise in temperatures in human tissues after exposure to radiation indicates high power absorbed in these tissues [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Circularly Polarized Phased Sub-Array Antennas for 5g Laptop Devices Investigating the Radiation Effects

Mahmoud¹,

Baz²,

Alhakami³

et al. 2021

PIER C

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In this paper, the performance of circularly polarized (CP) adaptive sub-arrays integrated into 5G laptop device is investigated in the presence of a whole-body human phantom model. In addition, the radiation effect of the steered beam patterns has been analyzed by calculating the specific absorption rate distribution and temperature rise. In this target, a single-feed CP antenna element has been firstly designed to resonate at 28 GHz with high realized gain and radiation efficiency. Then, 4 subarrays have been constructed in a rectangular configuration with four-elements for each sub-array. To let the study more realistic, a complete human model is considered to investigate the radiation effects. The measured reflection coefficient and realized gain results of the designed antenna element are found to be −30 dB and 7.82 dB, respectively, in the assigned frequency band. Likewise, the antennas sub-arrays have approximately kept the same impedance matching attitude with high insertion loss of −22 dB and a realized gain and radiation efficiency of 16.85 dB and 86%, respectively, on average. Furthermore, the sub-arrays scan patterns and coverage efficiency have been studied considering the existence of the human body in different scenarios. Regarding the RF exposure, the results show that the resultant maximum values of specific absorption rate and power density do not exceed 1.52 W/kg and 3.5 W/m 2 , respectively, whereas the maximum exposure temperature in such a case is less than 2.8 • C after 30 minutes and decreases to 0.5 • C after a penetration depth of 3 mm which reflects the possibility of safe use.

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Investigations of Sar Distributions and Temperature Elevation on Human Body at 60 GHZ With Corrugated Antipodal Linear Tapered Slot Antenna

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Wireless Wearables and Implants: A Dosimetry Review

Wireless Wearables and Implants: A Dosimetry Review

The Effect of a Printed Gap Waveguide Antenna at 60 GHz on the Human Body

The Performance of Circularly Polarized Phased Sub-Array Antennas for 5g Laptop Devices Investigating the Radiation Effects

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