Investigations on Cryogenic Turning to Achieve Surface Hardening of Metastable Austenitic Steel AISI 347

Mayer, Patrick; Kirsch, Benjamin; Aurich, Jan C.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1018.153

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…By adapting the CO 2 mass flow rate, nozzle position, machining parameters and cutting edge geometry, the thermomechanical load in the turning process can be controlled. This also enables the control of the martensite content in the workpiece surface layer as well as the hardness [15][16][17][18][19]. However, the materialspecific properties of the workpiece and its effect on the resulting martensite content and subsurface properties after cryogenic turning has not been researched yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of deformation-induced martensite when cryogenic turning various batches of the metastable austenitic steel AISI 347

Kirsch

Hotz

Müller

et al. 2019

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

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Cryogenic turning of metastable austenitic steels allows for a surface layer hardening integrated into the machining process, which renders a separate hardening process obsolete. This surface layer hardening is the result of a superposition of strain hardening mechanisms and deformation-induced phase transformation from austenite to martensite. The activation energy required for the latter depends on the chemical composition of the metastable austenitic steel. It can hence be expected that the austenitic stability of the workpiece material varies depending on the batch and that differences in the metallurgical surface layer properties and thus also in the microhardness result after cryogenic turning. Therefore, in this paper, various batches of the metastable austenitic steel AISI 347 were turned utilizing cryogenic cooling with the same machining parameters. The thermomechanical load during the experiments was characterized and the resulting subsurface properties were investigated. The content of deformation-induced α′-martensite was quantified via magnetic sensor measurements and the distribution was examined using optical micrographs of etched cross-sections. It was found that similar amounts of deformation-induced α′-martensite were generated in the workpiece surface layer for all batches examined. Furthermore, the workpieces were analyzed with regard to the maximal hardness increase and the hardness penetration depth based on microhardness measurements. A significant surface layer hardening was achieved for all batches. This shows that surface layer hardening integrated in the manufacturing process is possible regardless of batch-dependent differences in the chemical composition and thus varying austenite stability of the metastable austenitic steel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of deformation-induced martensite when cryogenic turning various batches of the metastable austenitic steel AISI 347

Kirsch

Hotz

Müller

et al. 2019

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Creating Surface Morphologies by Cryogenic Machining

Kirsch,

Aurich,

Gutzeit

et al. 2023

Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing

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A Finite Element Approach to Calculate Temperatures Arising During Cryogenic Turning of Metastable Austenitic Steel AISI 347

Becker

Hotz

Kirsch

et al. 2018

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

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In this paper, an inverse method is presented to evaluate the inner workpiece temperature distribution during cryogenic turning of metastable austenitic steel AISI 347 utilizing a FE representation of the process. Temperature data during the experiments are provided by thermocouples and a commercial thermography system. A constant cutting speed at two varying feeds is investigated. Inverse parameter verification by aligning simulated and experimental data in a least squares sense is achieved. A heat flux from tool to workpiece as well as heat transfer coefficients for forced convection by air and by carbon dioxide as cryogenic coolant are identified for each set of cutting parameters. Rigid body rotation in the model is considered applying convective time derivatives of the temperature field. Unphysical oscillations occurring in regions of high Péclet numbers are suppressed utilizing a streamline-upwind/Petrov–Galerkin scheme.

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Investigations on Cryogenic Turning to Achieve Surface Hardening of Metastable Austenitic Steel AISI 347

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Generation of deformation-induced martensite when cryogenic turning various batches of the metastable austenitic steel AISI 347

Generation of deformation-induced martensite when cryogenic turning various batches of the metastable austenitic steel AISI 347

Creating Surface Morphologies by Cryogenic Machining

A Finite Element Approach to Calculate Temperatures Arising During Cryogenic Turning of Metastable Austenitic Steel AISI 347

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