Investigations on mechanical properties of secondary recycled ABS reinforced with Fe powder for 3D printing applications

Chawla, Kapil; Singh, Rupinder; Singh, Jaspreet; Mehta, Himani

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.10.291

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It was due to strong intermolecular bonding between Fe powder and the R-ABS matrix. It was concluded that extrusion speed, external loading and porosity content were the major factors affecting the filament's mechanical performance [ 81 ]. Similarly, Kumar et al investigated the reinforcement of nanographene (Gr) in secondary (2°) recycled ABS to prepare smart composite material for 3D and 4D applications.…”

Section: Use Of Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enhancing the mechanical properties of the final product – [ 80 ] 25. 2° ABS R-ABS/Fe powder (size: 50 µm) Twin screw – Not required 32.72 ± 1.5 Enhancing the thermal and mechanical properties MFI increased by 25.29% [ 81 ] 26. PP R-PP/CBS (size: 250–425 µm) Twin screw 1.75 ± 0.1 3D FF-STD Doppia 15.23 ± 0.91 Enabling the effective utilization of waste obtained from consumable products TS reduced by 41.47% [ 85 ] 27.…”

Section: Use Of Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FDM-based additive manufacturing of recycled thermoplastics and associated composites

Mishra

Negi

Kar

2023

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Hailed since the fourth industrial revolution, three-dimensional (3D) printing or additive manufacturing (AM) has been extensively implemented in various manufacturing sectors. This process is popular for generating regular products and incorporating innovative designs into the components like auxetic structures, such as fabrication of engineering products, customized implants and sophisticated biomedical devices. Over the years, one of the interesting outputs of this emerging technology is the reuse of waste thermoplastic materials to produce competent products through the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. The strength of FDM components produced from thermoplastic waste is lower than that of virgin plastic FDM counterparts. So, there is a need to understand the significant changes in the recycled thermoplastic material during subsequent extrusions, which are chain scission, change in viscosity and breaking strength. The use of additives has been a promising solution to improve the performance of recycled material for 3D printing applications. Hence, this study aims to provide an overview of reusing plastic waste through FDM-based 3D printing. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the effect of processing on thermo-mechanical properties of recycled plastic FDM parts and the use of various additives to improve the overall quality. In addition, two case studies from open literature have been demonstrated to explain the use of FDM and associated technology for plastic recycling.

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Section: Use Of Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Use Of Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDM-based additive manufacturing of recycled thermoplastics and associated composites

Mishra

Negi

Kar

2023

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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“…F ‐tests in ANOVA can find random factors. [ 37,38 ] The residual plots shown in Figure 10 can show whether the data are inconsistent with the ANOVA results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of a design for a three‐dimensional‐printed artificial bone structure

Alarifi

2023

Polymer Composites

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In this work, artificial bones composed of hydroxyapatite (HA)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polylactic acid (PLA) were prepared as a potential replacement for natural bone. The cylindrical specimens included an auxetic system with artificial osteons. HA/PAN and PLA were used to fabricate composite filaments by fused deposition modeling three‐dimensional (3D) printing, and the obtained filaments were applied to produce reentrant artificial bone materials. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the scaffold morphology and functional groups. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy was used for elemental analysis. The compressive properties of the samples were studied to determine the optimal scaffolding prototype. Compressive tests were also performed to assess the behavior of the cellular structure from a mechanical perspective. Finally, ANOVA and residual plots were used to investigate the contributions of the design elements, predict the y‐coordination of the stress values, and evaluate the printing orientation. The results indicated that the auxetic cells influenced the bone macrostructure, which displayed different stiffness characteristics in one working direction. Polymeric solution biomaterials based on HA/PAN and PLA biopolymers have enormous potential as high‐performance liquid synthetic organic polymers for light‐supported extrusion‐based 3D printing. PLA/HA scaffoldings with outstanding medical conversion capability may be used as biomaterial composites for bone deficiency restoration.Highlights Composite filaments for FDM 3D printing were used to manufacture reentrant artificial bone. A replacement method was utilized to determine the porosity of the scaffolds. Mechanically, this cellular structure was evaluated using compressive studies. SEM was used to assess scaffold morphology, functional categories, and elements. Create biodegradable constructions using as little material as possible.

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“…Using rABS as a filler (30% wt.) in rPC matrices helped improve dimensional stability and accuracy in the printing process, allowing for the exploitation of previously challenging materials for AM [109]. PLA is a natural polymer compatible with MEX printing either in filament form or in granule pellet form.…”

Section: Additive Manufacturing Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that the rABS/PC blend showed no decomposition or quality drop in weather exposure, making it a sustainable solution for outdoor applications [102], while recycled ABS/PS/PLA allowed for property optimization and had great load-bearing stability [108,123]. Metal powder-reinforcement rABS had around 100% more UTS than the plain matrix polymer [109]. The optimization of printing parameters and direction also has been stated, since the parallel distribution of the filler seems to have the biggest impact on strengthening the final composite [107].…”

Section: Static Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance of Recycled 3D Printed Sustainable Polymer-Based Composites: A Literature Review

Kyriakidis,

Kladovasilakis,

Pechlivani

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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The development of efficient waste valorization strategies has emerged as an important field in the overall efforts for alignment with the environmental goals that have been set by the European Union (EU) Green Deal regarding the development of sustainable circular economy models. Additive manufacturing has emerged as a sustainable method for secondary life product development with the main advantages of it being a form of net-zero waste production and having the ability to successfully transport complex design to actual products finding applications in the industry for rapid prototyping or for tailored products. The insertion of eco-friendly sustainable materials in these processes can lead to significant reduction in material footprints and lower energy demands for the manufacturing process, helping achieve Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG12) set by the EU for responsible production and consumption. The aim of this comprehensive review is to state the existing progress regarding the incorporation of sustainable polymeric composite materials in additive manufacturing (AM) processes and identify possible gaps for further research. In this context, a comprehensive presentation of the reacquired materials coming from urban and industrial waste valorization processes and that are used to produce sustainable composites is made. Then, an assessment of the printability and the mechanical response of the constructed composites is made, by taking into consideration some key thermal, rheological and mechanical properties (e.g., viscosity, melting and degradation temperature, tensile and impact strength). Finally, existing life cycle analysis results are presented regarding overall energy demands and environmental footprint during the waste-to-feedstock and the manufacturing processes. A lack of scientific research was observed, regarding the manifestation of novel evaluation techniques such as dynamic mechanical analysis and impact testing. Assessing the dynamic response is vital for evaluating whether these types of composites are adequate for upscaling and use in real life applications.

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Investigations on mechanical properties of secondary recycled ABS reinforced with Fe powder for 3D printing applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

FDM-based additive manufacturing of recycled thermoplastics and associated composites

FDM-based additive manufacturing of recycled thermoplastics and associated composites

Evaluation of a design for a three‐dimensional‐printed artificial bone structure

Mechanical Performance of Recycled 3D Printed Sustainable Polymer-Based Composites: A Literature Review

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