Investigations on nitrogen flow into and out of nylon bags after ruminal incubation and feeding of untreated or 15N horse urine treated wheat straw in small ruminants

Schubert, Rainer; Flachowsky, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(94)90172-4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Urine treatment : As urine contains urea, urine can be used as a source of urea and ammonia to improve the quality of rice straw. Urine can be sprayed on the straw in a similar way as is done with urea solutions (Dias da Silva, 1993) and can provide a nearly equal improvement of the degradability and nitrogen content as other methods of ammonia treatment (Dias da Silva, 1993;Schubert and Flachowsky, 1994). However, research on this subject has been quite limited and there is currently inadequate information available to define clearly the conditions to optimize urine treatment (Dias da Silva, 1993).…”

Section: Chemical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Rice Straw and Different Treatments to Improve Its Feed Value for Ruminants: A Review

Sarnklong¹,

Cone²,

Pellikaan³

et al. 2010

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

275

159

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This paper gives an overview of the availability, nutritive quality, and possible strategies to improve the utilization of rice straw as a feed ingredient for ruminants. Approximately 80% of the rice in the world is grown by small-scale farmers in developing countries, including South East Asia. The large amount of rice straw as a by-product of the rice production is mainly used as a source of feed for ruminant livestock. Rice straw is rich in polysaccharides and has a high lignin and silica content, limiting voluntary intake and reducing degradability by ruminal microorganisms. Several methods to improve the utilization of rice straw by ruminants have been investigated in the past. However, some physical treatments are not practical because of the requirement for machinery or treatments are not economical feasible for the farmers. Chemical treatments, such as NaOH, NH 3 or urea, currently seem to be more practical for onfarm use. Alternative treatments to improve the nutritive value of rice straw are the use of ligninolytic fungi (white-rot fungi), with their extracellular ligninolytic enzymes, or specific enzymes degrading cellulose and/or hemicellulose. The use of fungi or enzyme treatments is expected to be a more practical and environmental-friendly approach for enhancing the nutritive value of rice straw and can be costeffective in the future. Using fungi and enzymes might be combined with the more classical chemical or physical treatments. However, available data on using fungi and enzymes for improving the quality of rice straw are relatively scarce.

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