Investigations on the Melanophorestimulating Hormones in the Hypophysis of the Finback Whale (Balaenoptera Physalus)

Hoekstra, A.; Burgers, A. C. J.

doi:10.1530/acta.0.0560554

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…More than one form of the hormone is thought to occur in many vertebrates (Burgers, 1963;Geschwind, 1966;Hoekstra & Burgers, 1967;Lowry & Chadwick, 1970a, b;Hoekstra & van der Wal, 1971), and three forms have been identified and purified from the pituitary of several mammals (see Geschwind, 1966). Using fluorescent antibodies against a-and /?-seryl MSH, Dubois (1972) showed that these hormones are produced by the same cell in the pars intermedia of the cow, sheep and pig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Separation of Different Forms of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone From the Rat Neurointermediate Lobe by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, With a Note on Rat Neurophysins

Baker¹

1973

Journal of Endocrinology

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Extracts of rat neurointermediate lobes were subjected to electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels at both acidic and alkaline pH. Melanocyte\x=req-\ stimulating hormone (MSH) was located in the gels by the Anolis skin method and was associated with bands of stainable material. Three bands with MSH activity were located after electrophoresis on acidic gels and two bands after electrophoresis on alkaline gels. The identity of these bands is discussed. Two further bands on the alkaline gels were associated with neurophysins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Separation of Different Forms of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone From the Rat Neurointermediate Lobe by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, With a Note on Rat Neurophysins

Baker¹

1973

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…DISCUSSION Mammalian -MSH, the most potent MSH known, has been isolated from bovine, ovine, and porcine pituitaries and has been found to have an identical structure in these species. However, melanocyte-stimulating hormones other than the known -MSH and /?-MSH may exist in some species (Burgers, 1963;Hoekstra & Burgers, 1967;Thody, 1969).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN THE ORGANS OF THE RAT AND MOUSE AFTER INJECTION OF [125I]α-Melanocyte-Stimulating HORMONE

Dupont¹,

Kastin²,

Labrie³

et al. 1975

Journal of Endocrinology

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The distribution of radioactivity after intrajugular injection of 125I-labelled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) was studied by whole-body autoradiography of the mouse and by direct measurement of radioactivity in individual organs of the rat. Very high uptake of radioactivity in the pineal gland was measured 5 min after the injection of (125I)alpha-MSH. Lower levels of accumulation of radioactivity were found in the kidney and in the posterior (including intermediate) lobe of the pituitary. High uptake was also found in the thyroid, stomach, and oesophagus. The specificity of uptake of (125I)alpha-MSH into the pineal and pituitary is suggested by the very low uptake of Na125I into those tissues.

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“…Burgers (1963) found 3 MSHs, each, in the horse and white-tailed deer (OdocoiZeeus virginiunus couesi) by starch-gel electrophoresisprobably a-MSH and two P-MSHs. Hoekstra & Burgers (1967) found 4 MSHs in the fin-back whale (Buluenopteru physuh), 3 of which had mobilities identical with a-MSH, pig P-MSH (,k?,MSH) and ox P-MSH (PBMSH) (Section IV(3)) respectively. Shapiro et aZ.…”

Section: Corticotrophin (Acth) Melanotrophin (Msh) and Lipotrophmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Evolution of Pituitary Hormones

Wallis

1975

Biological Reviews

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Summary 1. The pituitary hormones can be divided into 4 families; within each the members are structurally related and have probably evolved from a common ancestor by a process of gene duplication and divergence. 2. Recent structural studies have revealed much about the evolution of proteins. The roles of point mutation, gene duplication and partial gene duplication in molecular evolution have been highlighted, and the nature of the evolutionary forces involved has been extensively debated. The information available about the evolution of proteins in general provides a background for consideration of pituitary hormone evolution. 3. The structure and function of the mammalian neurohypophysial hormones (oxytocin and vasopressin) has been studied in detail. Related (structurally similar) peptides have been found in the neurohypophyses of lower vertebrates and have been Characterized in many instances. Several schemes have been proposed for the evolution of these hormones. 4. The vasopressins of the pig and its relatives show a genetic polymorphism. The roles of neurohypophysial hormones in lower vertebrates are very varied and not fully understood. 5. The ACTHs and MSHs are members of a second family of pituitary hormones. They are polypeptides of moderate size. Studies on amino‐acid sequences have been carried out for ACTHs and MSHs from several mammals. α‐MSH is identical in all cases studied in detail, but β‐MSH and ACTH vary to some extent. There is considerable sequence homology between the hormones in this family ‐ indicating a common phylogenetic origin and several gene duplications. 6. Dogfish MSH is the only non‐mammalian hormone of the ACTH‐MSH family to have been studied in detail. Two MSHs have been isolated from this species; both resemble the a‐MSH of mammals in amino‐acid sequence. ACTH‐like and MSH‐like hormones exist in many other vertebrate groups, but have not been characterized fully. 7. Structure‐function relationships have been widely studied in the ACTH‐MSH family, and have some interesting evolutionary implications. Polymorphism of P‐MSHs is found in some mammals. 8. A third family of protein hormones includes pituitary prolactin and growth hormone, and placental lactogen. These are proteins of moderate size which have been shown to be widely distributed among the vertebrates. Species specificity can be recognized with regard to biological, immunological and structural properties. 9. Amino‐acid sequences have been determined for growth hormones and prolactins from several mammals. There is sequence homology between growth hormone and prolactin. Human placental lactogen closely resembles human growth hormone. A phylogenetic tree has been constructed for this protein family. Rates of evolution within the group are rather variable. 10. The fourth family of pituitary hormones (FSH, LH, TSH and some related placental hormones) are all glycoproteins and have a subunit structure. Extensive sequence studies have been carried out on the hormones from some mammals, and show that there is considerable h...

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Investigations on the Melanophorestimulating Hormones in the Hypophysis of the Finback Whale (Balaenoptera Physalus)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The Separation of Different Forms of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone From the Rat Neurointermediate Lobe by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, With a Note on Rat Neurophysins

The Separation of Different Forms of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone From the Rat Neurointermediate Lobe by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, With a Note on Rat Neurophysins

DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN THE ORGANS OF THE RAT AND MOUSE AFTER INJECTION OF [125I]α-Melanocyte-Stimulating HORMONE

The Molecular Evolution of Pituitary Hormones

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