Investigations on the toxicology and safety of algal diets in albino rats

Venkataraman, L. V.; Becker, Wolfgang; Rajasekaran, T.; Mathew, K.R.

doi:10.1016/0015-6264(80)90107-8

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…E. gracilis contains a lot of important nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and PUFA. Venkataraman et al (1980) also reported similar result on the profile of RBC of rats fed with microalgae. In their work, the RBC of rats fed with 24% and 36% Scenedesmus acutus, gave a higher RBC than the rats fed with 12 % casein.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Evaluation of some biological activities of Euglena gracilis biomass produced by a fed-batch culture with some crop fertilizers

Nwoye¹,

Chukwuma²,

Obisike³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The feasibility of growing Euglena gracilis in some crop fertilizers was investigated and some biological activities of the produced biomass were evaluated. A fed-batch mixotrophic culture was done in an airlift photobioreactor operated at an aeration rate of 0.2 vvm. A final biomass concentration of 2.6 gL-1 obtained with NPK15:15:15 after 96 h of cultivation was significantly lower than the 5.7 gL-1 obtained with BGII medium under the same culture condition. There was no significant effect of supplementing conventional rat feeds with Euglena biomass or captopril (an antihypertensive drug) on the body weight of the rats. However, supplementation with Euglena biomass had significant (P<0.05) effects on some biological activities such as, inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), hypocholesterolaemic activity and increase in red blood count (P<0.05). Analysis of the dried algal biomass showed a protein content of 33.327%, fat content of 16.4%, poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of 51.33 mgKOH/g, and vitamin E content of 171.3 mg/100 g.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Evaluation of some biological activities of Euglena gracilis biomass produced by a fed-batch culture with some crop fertilizers

Nwoye¹,

Chukwuma²,

Obisike³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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show abstract

“…Toxicological investigations of several members of the green algae genus Chlorella, which has a history of traditional food use and is widely consumed as food, as well as other green algal species have demonstrated a lack of toxicological concern in various in vitro and in vivo assays. [33][34][35][36][37][38] Yet while the studied organisms and C reinhardtii are all green algae, the designation is an informal grouping of distantly related organisms encompassing 2 taxonomic divisions of algae. On the other hand, a certain level of safety can be understood to exist based on the research history of C reinhardtii without mention of expression of toxic proteins, toxic metabolites, or other harmful substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Toxicological Evaluation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a Green Algae

Murbach

Glávits²,

Endres

et al. 2018

Int J Toxicol

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There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the only green algae that has been studied as a model organism for many biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to flagellar movement. However, its potential as a safe nutritional source for use in various foods has not been thoroughly investigated. To assess the safety of C reinhardtii for use as a nutritional human food ingredient, in accordance with internationally accepted standards, the genotoxic potential and repeated-dose oral toxicity of the dried C reinhardtii (THN 6) algal biomass was investigated. The following studies were conducted: (1) a bacterial reverse mutation test, (2) an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, (3) an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test, and (4) a 28-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study in rats. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxic activity was observed in the first 3 tests under the applied test systems. In the 28-day study, male and female Hsd.Han Wistar rats were exposed to daily doses of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg bw by gavage. Following 28 days of continuous exposure, no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects were observed and no target organs were identified. Therefore, a no observed adverse effect level was concluded as 4,000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.

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“…Groups were given one of the tested diets as follows: group (1), rats fed on standard powdered diet (S; formulated as reported by Venkataraman et al 1980); group (2), rats fed on S diet supplemented with 0.5 g synthetic βC (purity = 95% HPLC, Sigma Chemical Co.)/kg diet (positive control, S + 0.5 βC); group (3), rats fed on S supplemented with 0.5 g carotenoids extract/kg (S + 0.5 DC); and group (4), rats fed on S diets supplemented with 1.0 g carotenoids Downloaded by [University of Calgary] at 12:50 15 September 2013 extract/kg (S + 1.0 DC) of D. salina grown under stress condition. The rats were given free access of different diets and drinking water for 6 weeks.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Use of Microalgal Carotenoids as Dietary Supplements and Natural Preservative Ingredients

El-Baky

El-Baroty

2013

Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology

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Dunaliella salina has been selected as the most valuable microalgae for production of carotenoids as a source of natural pigment when grown under defined conditions. Compared with optimal conditions, D. salina contained higher amounts of total carotenoids (TCAR, 12.6%, dw)-including β-carotene (60.4%, of total carotenoids), astaxanthin (17.7%), zeaxanthin (13.4%), lutein (4.6%), and cryptoxanthin (3.9%)-when grown under stress conditions. These TCAR showed greater in vitro antioxidant potential by inhibition of lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes induced by Fe ++ /ascorbate and Fe ++ /H 2 O 2 model systems than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The toxicological evaluation of D. salina functional ingredients as an antioxidant and natural food colorant was conducted, in which male albino rats were fed ad libitum for 6 weeks with one of the following diets: standard diet (S), S diets containing 0.5 g trans β-carotene/kg diets (S + 0.5 β C), S + 0.5 g D. salina carotenoids/kg diets (S + 0.5 DC), and S + 1.0 g D. salina carotenoids/kg diets (S + 1.0 DC). Generally, no mortality or treatment-related toxicological signs were observed in any of the rats during the 6 weeks of the experiment. The concentrations of glucose and glycogen in liver and glucose, total proteins, bilirubin, and creatinine as well as enzymes activities of aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferases (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in plasma were not significantly different from each other in all four diets. In contrast, the levels of total lipids and lipids components showed significant differences in all groups. Groups S + 0.5 βC, S + 0.5 DC, and S + 1.0 DC showed a significant decrease in concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and phospholipids in either plasma or hepatic tissues compared with S group. The results showed that D. salina carotenoids could be potentially rich sources of natural antioxidants and food colorants and have hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic properties.

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Investigations on the toxicology and safety of algal diets in albino rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluation of some biological activities of Euglena gracilis biomass produced by a fed-batch culture with some crop fertilizers

Evaluation of some biological activities of Euglena gracilis biomass produced by a fed-batch culture with some crop fertilizers

A Toxicological Evaluation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a Green Algae

The Potential Use of Microalgal Carotenoids as Dietary Supplements and Natural Preservative Ingredients

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