“…The scotch tape analysis has been used to test adhesion between the SMA and polyimide; also, they have explored the functional capabilities and extensively analyzed the electro-thermo-mechanical characteristics of the SMA/Polyimide composite actuator for different substrate thicknesses. In addition, this actuator can be applicable to several industrial applications such as circuit breakers, sensors for transformer oil temperature sensing, and microflapper at different substrate temperatures [16][17][18]. To improve the thermomechanical behavior and life cycle of the SMPIC actuator, manganese (Mn) has been added to the CuAlNi alloy, and the thermomechanical behavior of CuAlNiMn/Kapton composites was extensively studied by Akash K. and Jayachandran S. et al [19,20] have developed four different SMPICs by depositing NiTi, NiTiCu, CuAlNi, and CuAlNiMn on a polyimide substrate using a flash evaporation technique, and its actuation characteristics, thermomechanical behavior, and lifecycle performances were compared by varying the input voltage, frequency, and load; they stated that the CuAlNiMn-based composite had higher displacement under loading conditions.…”