Investment feasibility and marketing of mangosteen commodity in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

MAMONDOL, MARIANNE REYNELDA

doi:10.31328/jsed.v3i2.1433

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Indonesia is one of the world’s leading producers of mangosteen fruit ( Garcinia mangostana L.), both fresh and processed into canned products and juices [ 1 , 2 ]. During mangosteen processing, the peel is separated and discarded as industrial waste, even though it offers numerous benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

et al. 2022

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Mangosteen fruit has been widely consumed and used as a source of antioxidants, either in the form of fresh fruit or processed products. However, mangosteen peel only becomes industrial waste due to its bitter taste, low content solubility, and poor stability. Therefore, this study aimed to design mangosteen peel extract microcapsules (MPEMs) and tablets to overcome the challenges. The fluidized bed spray-drying method was used to develop MPEM, with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the core mixture and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the coating agent. The obtained MPEM was spherical with a hollow surface and had a size of 411.2 µm. The flow rate and compressibility of MPEM increased significantly after granulation. A formula containing 5% w/w polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) as a binder had the best tablet characteristics, with a hardness of 87.8 ± 1.398 N, friability of 0.94%, and disintegration time of 25.75 ± 0.676 min. Microencapsulation of mangosteen peel extract maintains the stability of its compound (total phenolic and α-mangosteen) and its antioxidant activity (IC50) during the manufacturing process and a month of storage at IVB zone conditions. According to the findings, the microencapsulation is an effective technique for improving the solubility and antioxidant stability of mangosteen peel extract during manufacture and storage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

et al. 2022

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“…The peel of the mangosteen fruit is one of the most plentiful sources of natural antioxidants, and Indonesia is one of the biggest producers of mangosteen (2,3). Xanthones are the most potent antioxidant in mangosteen peel (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instant Granules of Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Ethanol Extract as Antioxidants

Fadhila

Sriwidodo

Chaerunisaa

2022

sciphar

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Free radicals in the air can trigger dangerous diseases, such as cancer and premature aging. To avoid this, antioxidant compounds are needed to donate electrons to free radicals, causing them to become more stable. A powerful antioxidant can be found in nature, including the mangosteen peel. This study aimed to find the best instant granule preparation formula from mangosteen peel extract (MPE) that can be practically consumed and the antioxidant stability during preparation. The wet granulation method was used to make instant granules, which have four formulas with varying amounts of xanthan gum as a suspending agent and maltodextrin as a solubility enhancer. The antioxidant activity was examined using the DPPH method. Based on the findings, formula 4 had the best properties with a drying shrinkage of 1.80%, a flow rate of 11.54 ± 1.56 g/s, repose's angle of 29.112 ± 0.45ᵒ, carr index of 14.043 ± 1.9%, and dispersion rate of 0.164 g/s. There is no residue in the solution. The shape and taste of this formula were most acceptable. The antioxidant activity of the extract and instant granules was not significantly different, with the IC50 of 34.64 μg/ml and 44.12 μg/ml, respectively. Based on the test result, it can be concluded that formula 4 with a concentration of xanthan gum 1% and 20% maltodextrin is a potent antioxidant supplement.

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Technical and economic validation of the fruit thinning practice in commercial mangosteen plantations in the Soconusco region, Chiapas. Mexico

Fuentes¹,

Hernández²

2022

IJH

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The objective of the work was to validate the technical and economic efficiency of thinning to increase the size and weight of mangosteen fruits. The validation was carried out in 2021, in two commercial plantations of mangosteen 10 and 13 years old located in the municipalities of Tapachula, and Tuxtla Chico, Chiapas, Mexico, respectively. The factors in study are thinning with two levels: thinned 30% and unthinned (control) and three initial fruiting ranges (RFI): 80-120 fruits; 121 to 160 fruits and> 160 fruits. By combining the study factors, 6 treatments were formed: RFI 80-120-thinned; RFI 121-160-thinned; RFI >160-thinned; RFI 80-120-unthinned RFI 121-160-unthinned and RFI >160-unthinned. A completely random design with four repetitions was used. The experimental unit consisted of a tree, with a total of 24 trees in 0.14 ha in each plantation under study. The study variables were yield/tree; fruit weight and fruits/tree. The economic comparison between treatments was made and the return to capital (cost-benefit ratio) of them was calculated. In both plantations evaluated, a significant statistical difference was found in fruits/tree, fruit weight, yield/tree and yield/ha. The highest average weight of the fruits (> 76 g in accordance with the requirements of international markets.) and percentage of them, is obtained in trees thinned. The highest cost-benefit ratio (4.5 in Tuxtla Chico plantation and 2.3 in Tapachula plantation), was obtained in RFI >160 thinned treatment.

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Investment feasibility and marketing of mangosteen commodity in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

Instant Granules of Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Ethanol Extract as Antioxidants

Technical and economic validation of the fruit thinning practice in commercial mangosteen plantations in the Soconusco region, Chiapas. Mexico

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