Investment in construction and economic growth in developing countries

Abstract

Background: Cognitive Muscular TherapyTM (CMT) is an integrated behavioural intervention developed for knee osteoarthritis. CMT teaches patients to reconceptualise the condition, integrates muscle biofeedback and aims to reduce muscle overactivity, both in response to pain and during daily activities. This nested qualitative study explored patient and physiotherapist perspectives and experiences of CMT.Methods: Five physiotherapists were trained to follow a well-defined protocol and then delivered CMT to at least two patients with knee osteoarthritis. Each patient received seven individual clinical sessions and was provided with access to online learning materials incorporating animated videos. Semi-structured interviews took place after delivery/completion of the intervention and data were analysed at the patient and physiotherapist level.Results: Five physiotherapists and five patients were interviewed. All described a process of changing beliefs throughout their engagement with CMT. A framework with three phases was developed to organise the data according to how osteoarthritis was conceptualised and how this changed throughout their interactions with CMT. Firstly, was an identification of pain beliefs to be challenged and recognition of how current beliefs can misalign with daily experiences. Secondly was a process of challenging and changing beliefs, validated through new experiences. Finally, there was an embedding of changed beliefs into self-management to continue with activities. Conclusion:This study identified a range of psychological changes which occur during exposure to CMT. These changes enabled patients to reconceptualise their condition, develop a new understanding of their body, understand psychological processes, and make sense of their knee pain.

Role of construction in economic development: Review of key concepts in the past 40 years

“…The contribution of the construction industry required for a steady economic growth as suggested by Edmonds (1979) should be 5% of GDP. Lopes, Ruddock, and Ribeiro (2002) also demonstrated that when the share of construction value added in GDP was around 4e5%, the economy would enter a period of sustained growth. The level should be interpreted within the long-term trend rather than the annual fluctuation (Lopes et al, 2002).…”

The Long-Run Relationship Between the Construction Sector and the National Economy in Cape Verde / Ilgalaikiai Ryšiai Tarp Statybos Sektoriaus Ir Nacionalinės Ekonomikos Žaliajame Kyšulyje

“…In Bon's 1992 paper, the link between economic development and construction is discussed and Bon points out the problem with Turin's analysis, which is largely focused on developing countries. as the share of construction in total output first increases and then decreases with economic development, this is called the inverted U-shaped relationship, following Maddison, who, in his seminal study of economic development (Maddison, 1987), tracked several key advanced industrial countries (aICs). Bon's 1992 argument concerns the entire path from lDC (least developed countries) to nIC (newly industrialised countries) to aIC status (figures 1 and 2).…”

Comparative empirical analysis of temporal relationships between construction investment and economic growth in the United States

“…For example, Edmonds (1979) suggested that for a steady economic growth in developing countries, the contribution of the construction industry to GDP needs to be 5%. Lopes, Ruddock and Ribeiro (2002) also showed that the economy would enter a steady growth while the share of value added by the construction industry to the GDP is 4-5 %.…”