Invisible Children

Evaluation of 1/f noise in prospective IR imaging thin films

“…The |TCR| was a maximum of 5%/K for the film deposited with a pO 2 of 1 ⨯ 10 -6 Torr while the /n was found to be the lowest for the film deposited at 1.79 ⨯ 10 -6 Torr with a value of 1 ⨯ 10 -20 cm 3 . In other material systems, the inherent noise of the amorphous semiconductor has been associated with the short range order in the amorphous material [4]. However, it is certain that repeatedly depositing thin films in the 1,000 to 3,000 Ω-cm range with TCR > |4%/K| has not been demonstrated in thin films of VO x using magnetron sputtering and BTIBD.…”

“…While thin films of VO x (x < 2) having resistivity of 0.1 Ω-cm to 1 Ω-cm, |TCR| ~ 2%/K and the 1/f noise given by, α/n of ~2.5 ⨯ 10 -22 cm 3 are commonly used in devices operating in a pulsed bias readout mode [1] [2], thin films of doped a-Si:H having resistivity ~ 2,500 Ω-cm and |TCR| ~ 3.9%/K are used in constant DC biased read-out [3] [4]. Although Si:H thin films have a higher resistance in comparison with VO x thin films, the higher TCR of the films along with its compatibility in DC biased read-out circuits makes it a competitive material system for bolometers.…”

Consultation with a community-based organization serving urban youth: A case study.

“…CBOs are a class of small-scale nonprofits deriving their membership and much of their contributions directly from the local community (Jones, Edwards, Bocarro, Bunds, & Smith, 2017). These organizations can be characterized as being volunteer-based, needs-driven organizations; they exist to fulfill a specific need, channeling volunteers’ efforts into that need (Ajmera & Fields, 2016). The CBO model has certain distinctive properties that give it a unique set of strengths and weaknesses.…”

“…However, even after experiencing organic growth, the scope and nature of CBOs are often not great enough to justify—or to create a desire for—traditional administrative structures, which has long made scaling a struggle (Young, Neumann, & Nyden, 2018). A lack of internal expertise to navigate this growth may also lead to problems and an inability to identify and address them appropriately (Ajmera & Fields, 2016).…”

“…At the same time, although many of the problems faced by CBOs at this stage mirror those of start-ups, there are also unique challenges that CBOs face that are dictated by their nature and circumstances. One such issue is that, by contrast to organizations actively seeking growth and to expand their reach, CBOs typically remain focused on their initial missions, growing organically (i.e., without intention; Ajmera & Fields, 2016). However, even after experiencing organic growth, the scope and nature of CBOs are often not great enough to justify—or to create a desire for—traditional administrative structures, which has long made scaling a struggle (Young, Neumann, & Nyden, 2018).…”