Invisible gold occurrence within the quartz reef pyrite of Babaikundi area, North Singhbhum fold-and-thrust belt, Eastern Indian Shield: Evidence from petrographic, SEM and EPMA studies

Jha, V. N.; Singh, Sahendra; Venkatesh, A. S.

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.10.003

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The Singhbhum crustal province is divided into the northern younger province, consisting of a Singhbhum Group metasedimentary sequence [17,18], and the southern, older Iron Ore Series (Banded Iron formations, BIFs). The 200 km long, E-W trending, metasedimentary sequence, also known as NSMB [16,19], is an arcuate belt exhibiting a complex interplay of tectonism and sedimentation. According to Misra and Johnson [20], and Mahato et al [21], the belt witnessed several reactivation episodes during the Archean Era.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence of shearing is observed throughout the field and hand specimens such as s-c fabric, boudinages, and elongated quartz veins. Concentric rings of goethite, sericite, and martite indicate chemical alteration in the area [16]. Multiple generations of quartz veins occurring throughout the lithology emphasize the hydrothermal reworking of the area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights into the Gold Mineralization in the Babaikundi–Birgaon Axis, North Singhbhum Mobile Belt, Eastern Indian Shield Using Magnetic, Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM), and Self-Potential Data

Horo,

Pal,

Singh

et al. 2023

Minerals

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The North Singhbhum Mobile Belt (NSMB) in the eastern Indian shield is an excellent example of a diverse lithological domain with multiphase shear/fracture zones. It is a well-acknowledged prospective region known for various mineralizations, e.g., Cu, Au, U, and Fe. The present study was conducted in the Babaikundi–Birgaon Axis (a shear and fracture zone within NSMB) within Babaikundi village. The study suggests that anomalous zones are possibly related to gold-associated sulfide mineralization using photomicrography and geophysical methods such as magnetic, self-potential (SP), and very low-frequency (VLF) electromagnetic (EM) methods. Photomicrography on quartz samples and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Backscattered-Electron (BSE) images show that gold particles are present in the quartz reef vein in Babaikundi. Magnetic data are presented in the total magnetic intensity (TMI), upward continuation, and analytical signal maps. VLF-EM data were analyzed using different processing techniques to delineate anomalous auriferous zones. Furthermore, the SP data were inverted using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Very Fast Simulated Annealing (VFSA), and Genetic Algorithm (GA) approaches for comparative study of the resultant model parameters and their suitability considering a 2D inverted resistivity section derived using VLF-EM. The photomicrography study indicates the existence of gold/ pyrite/pyrrhotite within the Babaikundi–Birgaon axis, which corresponds to a low magnetic anomaly based on a magnetic study; a high current density, a high Fraser value, and a low resistivity based on the VLF-EM study; and a negative SP value was found based on the SP study. The combined study generally supports mapping auriferous zones and demarcates the Babaikundi–Birgaon axis within the Babaikundi–Birgaon area.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Gold Mineralization in the Babaikundi–Birgaon Axis, North Singhbhum Mobile Belt, Eastern Indian Shield Using Magnetic, Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM), and Self-Potential Data

Horo,

Pal,

Singh

et al. 2023

Minerals

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“…The metasedimentary rocks of the SSZ that host mostly uranium and copper deposits are highly deformed. The NSMB in eastern India is considered as a veritable province for gold occurrences with already identified prospects at Babaikundi, Birgaon, Rudia, Taramba, Lawa-Mayasera, Sindauri and Parasi (Chandan et al 2013;Jha et al 2015).…”

Section: Geological Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace-element systematics of pyrite and its implications for refractory gold mineralisation within the carbonaceous metasedimentary units of Palaeoproterozoic South Purulia shear zone, eastern India

et al. 2019

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Globally, refractory gold occurs in significant proportions in many types of gold deposits. The present work reports the occurrence of sulphide-hosted refractory gold within the carbonaceous phyllites of the South Purulia shear zone in the Singhbhum crustal province, eastern India. Detailed textural characteristics, paragenesis and trace-element concentrations of different generations of pyrites were studied to understand their evolutionary stages and the mechanism of gold incorporation in pyrites. Four types of pyrites, which are closely associated with gold mineralisation were identified in the host rock, i.e., carbonaceous phyllite. Py I is of diagenetic origin, whereas Py II, Py III and Py IV are of hydrothermal origin. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry studies confirm the presence of invisible/refractory gold concentration up to 110.55 ppm within these pyrites. The positive correlation between Au and As in pyrite indicates the significant role of As in the incorporation of gold in pyrite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of organic matter that provided suitable redox conditions for the precipitation of auriferous pyrites. The refractory gold mineralisation is attributed to widespread sulphidation during both sedimentation and hydrothermal ore-forming processes. Transformation of diagenetic pyrite to pyrrhotite during prograde metamorphism of carbonaceous rocks promoted the liberation of sulphur and Au from the lattice of abundant diagenetic pyrites to the hydrothermal fluid which later precipitated sulphides in the quartz ± carbonate veins.

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“…Kundarkocha gold deposit (22 • 10 N, 86 • 16 E) has proven evidences of gold mineralization within the Precambrian Singhbhum orogenic belt in the Eastern India (Sahoo and Venkatesh 2014). Recently, Jha et al (2015) reported the occurrence of invisible gold within the North Singhbhum Mobile Belt of Singhbhum crustal province by petrographic, SEM and EPMA studies. Maurya et al (2015) reported evidences of Au-VMS in the northern fringe of Dalma Volcanics using Magnetotelluric/Audio magnetotelluric (MT/AMT) studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audio-magnetotelluric investigation of sulfide mineralization in Proterozoic–Archean greenstone belts of Eastern Indian Craton

et al. 2018

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Greenstone belts are well known for gold occurrences at different regions of the world. The Dhanjori basin in the eastern Singhbhum region shows major characteristics of a rifted greenstone belt. Initially, we conducted 14 audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) measurements for a profile of ∼20 km in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 10 Hz over this rather complex geologic environment covering Dhanjori Volcanics (DhV) and Kolhan Group (KG). Subsequently, gravity and magnetic surveys were also conducted over this AMT profile. The purpose of the survey was to identify and map conductive features and to relate them to metallogeny of the area along with the mapping of the basement of Dhanjori basin. The strike analysis showed N30 • W strike for DhV for all the frequencies and for sites over KG domain in the frequency range of 100-10 Hz, but for KG domain, the obtained strike in 1 kHz to 100 Hz is N45 • E. As the combination of transverse electric (TE), transverse magnetic (TM) and tipper (Tzy) can recover the electrical signature in complex geological environment, we discuss the conductivity model obtained from TE+TM+Tzy only. The inversion was carried for the regional profile with 14 sites and for 7 sites over KG domain. Conductivity model shows two well resolved conductors, one each in KG and Quartz Pebble Conglomerate Dhanjori (QPCD) domains respectively showing common linked concordant features between these regional and KG profiles. The conductors are interpreted as sulfide mineralization linked with QPCD group of rocks which may host gold. These conductors are also horizontally disposed due to the intrusive younger Mayurbhanj Granite. These intrusives correlate well with the gravity modeling as well. The thickness of the Dhanjori basin at the central is about 3.0 km, similar to that from gravity modeling. The conductivity model also indicates the presence of shallow conductors, but could not be resolved due to lack of high frequency data. However, the results from the close-by drill site indicate the presence of shallow sulfide mineralization hosting gold. The deep level conductors delineated from AMT studies are associated with gravity high and low magnetic. ICP-AES results of Dhanjori samples show significant concentration of gold ∼5.0 g/t, which is of economic consideration. Thus, it can be inferred that the conductors have evidences of sulfide mineralization which host gold.

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Invisible gold occurrence within the quartz reef pyrite of Babaikundi area, North Singhbhum fold-and-thrust belt, Eastern Indian Shield: Evidence from petrographic, SEM and EPMA studies

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

New Insights into the Gold Mineralization in the Babaikundi–Birgaon Axis, North Singhbhum Mobile Belt, Eastern Indian Shield Using Magnetic, Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM), and Self-Potential Data

New Insights into the Gold Mineralization in the Babaikundi–Birgaon Axis, North Singhbhum Mobile Belt, Eastern Indian Shield Using Magnetic, Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM), and Self-Potential Data

Trace-element systematics of pyrite and its implications for refractory gold mineralisation within the carbonaceous metasedimentary units of Palaeoproterozoic South Purulia shear zone, eastern India

Audio-magnetotelluric investigation of sulfide mineralization in Proterozoic–Archean greenstone belts of Eastern Indian Craton

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