Invisible Women: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Family Firms in Nineteenth-Century France

Khan, B. Zorina

doi:10.1017/s0022050716000449

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Por otro lado, Khan (2015), realiza un estudio con las mujeres de clase media en Francia, en donde encuentra que están ampliamente involucradas en el espíritu empresarial y la innovación, por lo que sus esfuerzos comerciales están reforzados por la asociación con empresas familiares. Pons, Ramos y Ramos (2016), analizaron si hombres y mujeres difieren en su comportamiento innovador; para ello aplicaron un cuestionario a 458 empleados de 16 empresas españolas.…”

Section: Género E Innovaciónunclassified

“…Adicionalmente, estos resultados no concuerdan con Idris (2009), Azagra-Caro, Archontakis, Gutiérrez-Gracia y Fernández-de Lucio (2006), Bozeman y Gaughan (2007), y Reuvers et al (2008), quienes señalan que la capacidad innovadora se centra más en los hombres que en las mujeres, resultados que no se evidencian en la Tabla 3, la cual muestra que entre las empresas gestionadas por hombres y mujeres no existen diferencias significativas en la forma de ejercer innovación. Por otro lado, estos resultados tampoco concuerdan con Buttner (2001), Khan (2015), y Pons et al (2016), quienes señalan que las condiciones de la mujer y sus rasgos característicos pueden permitir que gestionen la innovación en las organizaciones de manera más eficaz. En términos generales, los resultados apoyan la investigación de Foss, Woll y Moilanen (2013), y Nählinder y Tillmar (2015, quienes muestran que no hay diferencia alguna frente a ser hombre o mujer en la forma de realizar innovación al interior de cualquier organización.…”

Section: Análisis Univarianteunclassified

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Género del gerente e innovación: Caso empírico en Pymes de Cali

Arbeláez

Solarte

Rodríguez

2018

rev. investig. desarro. innov

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ResumenLa innovación en los últimos años se ha convertido en una actividad fundamental y estratégica para el desempeño de las organizaciones. Frente a esto, las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas, PYMES, se han visto obligadas a sumergirse en iniciativas innovadoras que les permitan fomentar su crecimiento empresarial para permanecer en el tiempo. Existen pocos estudios que relacionan las formas de innovación de las organizaciones con el género del gerente, y aquellos estudios que existen indican que los hombres realizan más actividades de innovación que las mujeres. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el efecto del género del gerente en las innovaciones de las Pymes del sector de manufactura y alta tecnología de Cali. Los resultados muestran que no existe diferencia entre hombres y mujeres a la hora de realizar innovación en las organizaciones.Palabras Clave: género del gerente, innovación, Pymes, Cali. AbstractIn recent years, innovation has become a vital and strategic activity for the performance of organizations. Face to this, the Small and Medium Enterprises (Pymes) have been forced to immerse themselves in innovative initiatives that allow them to encourage their business growth to remain in time. Few studies link organizations forms of innovation with manager's gender, and those studies that exist, show that men do more innovation activities in companies than women. Following the precedent, this research aims to identify the effect of manager's gender in the innovations in Pymes of the manufacturing and high technology sector of Cali. Results show that there is no difference between men and women when doing innovation in organizations.

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Section: Género E Innovaciónunclassified

Section: Análisis Univarianteunclassified

Género del gerente e innovación: Caso empírico en Pymes de Cali

Arbeláez

Solarte

Rodríguez

2018

rev. investig. desarro. innov

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“…These data are especially valuable because they enable women, who are typically invisible to history owing to a lack of documentation, to become visible once again (Khan 2005(Khan , 2016a.…”

Section: Patent Systems and Exhibitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Women: Consumer Goods Innovations in Britain, France and the United States, 1750-1900

Khan

2017

Self Cite

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provided a supportive and stimulating environment during the completion of this project. All language translations are my own. Liability for errors is limited to the author. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.

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“…as widows and mothers who held the family firm intact until a son or a son-in-law was able to take over (Kwolek-Folland, 1998). As a result, the family-based enterprise became a conduit for women to engage in allegedly "men's industries", such as metalworking and shipbuilding, and non-traditional activities like introducing innovations, taking risks, and managing large-scale enterprises (Berg, 1993;Doe, 2009;Kahn, 2016). Also today, many women entrepreneurs see their firms embedded in familial relationships and responsibilities (Jennings & Brush, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Women entrepreneurs in Italy: A prosopographic study

Rinaldi

Tagliazucchi

2019

Business History

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Women entrepreneurs have long been an understudied topic in business history. This paper contributes to fill this gap by analyzing Italian women's entrepreneurship from the mid-20 th century to 2016. It is based on a new dataset concerning the profiles of the 80 women who were successful entrepreneurs and became Cavalieri del Lavoro (Knights of Labour), i.e., they were decorated with the Ordine al "Merito del Lavoro" (Order of Merit for Labour), the highest recognition for achievements in the world of business in Italy. The dataset also includes a comparable balanced sample of men who obtained the same award to single out the main similarities and differences between men and women entrepreneurs. This paper employs a quantitative prosopographic approach: after presenting some descriptive statistics and some exemplary cases of women entrepreneurs, it uses cluster analysis to identify typological groups of women versus men entrepreneurs. This paper show that the institutional context and gender stereotypes slowed down the development of Italian women's entrepreneurial abilities. Women entrepreneurs tend to cluster in family firms and to have become entrepreneurs by inheritance, whereas they have been handicapped in all other fields relevant to entrepreneurial success: access to education (especially STEM), managerial career and experience abroad. Nonetheless, women entrepreneurs operated beyond women's niches tied to the traditional ideology of femininity, e.g., textiles, garment and services. Several women operated in sectors such as chemicals and engineering in which many Italian industrial districts are specialized.

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Invisible Women: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Family Firms in Nineteenth-Century France

Cited by 35 publications

References 40 publications

Género del gerente e innovación: Caso empírico en Pymes de Cali

Género del gerente e innovación: Caso empírico en Pymes de Cali

Designing Women: Consumer Goods Innovations in Britain, France and the United States, 1750-1900

Women entrepreneurs in Italy: A prosopographic study

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