2010
DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp312
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Involvement of Caspase Activation in Azaspiracid-Induced Neurotoxicity in Neocortical Neurons

Abstract: Azaspiracids (AZAs) are a novel group of marine phycotoxins that have been associated with severe human intoxication. We found that AZA-1 exposure increased lactate dehydrogense (LDH) efflux in murine neocortical neurons. AZA-1 also produced nuclear condensation and stimulated caspase-3 activity with an half maximal effective concentration (EC(50)) value of 25.8 nM. These data indicate that AZA-1 triggers neuronal death in neocortical neurons by both necrotic and apoptotic mechanisms. An evaluation of the stru… Show more

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Cited by 45 publications
(77 citation statements)
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“…Consistent with previous studies, WT cortical astrocyte cultures display asynchronous Ca 2ϩ oscillations (Fig. 3a) that are distinctly different from the synchronous Ca 2ϩ oscillation observed in cortical neurons, which oscillate at much higher frequencies and shorter durations (35). The distinct temporal characteristics of asynchronous Ca 2ϩ oscillations ensure that the signals recorded and analyzed were from astrocytes, not neurons in our culture system.…”
Section: Precgg Cortical Astrocytes Display Enhanced Spontaneous Asynsupporting
confidence: 87%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Consistent with previous studies, WT cortical astrocyte cultures display asynchronous Ca 2ϩ oscillations (Fig. 3a) that are distinctly different from the synchronous Ca 2ϩ oscillation observed in cortical neurons, which oscillate at much higher frequencies and shorter durations (35). The distinct temporal characteristics of asynchronous Ca 2ϩ oscillations ensure that the signals recorded and analyzed were from astrocytes, not neurons in our culture system.…”
Section: Precgg Cortical Astrocytes Display Enhanced Spontaneous Asynsupporting
confidence: 87%
“…The dissection and dissociation of cortical cells were performed as described previously (35). The dissociated cells were plated onto a poly-L-ornithinecoated T-75 culture flask at a density of 1.0 -1.5 ϫ 10 7 cells/ flask and maintained in culture medium (DMEM ϩ 10% FBS) in an incubator at 37°C with 5% CO 2 and 95% humidity.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HN were used to investigate the basal characteristics of SCOs and how seizurogenic agents alter synchronous Ca 21 oscillations. This method permits simultaneous measurements of intracellular Ca 21 transients in intact neurons in a 96-well format as described previously (Cao et al, 2010(Cao et al, , 2012. Briefly, the growth medium was removed and replaced with dye loading buffer (100 ml/well) containing 4 mM Fluo-4 and 0.5% bovine serum albumin in Locke's buffer consisting of (in mM) 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (8.6), KCl (5.6), NaCl (154), glucose (5.6), MgCl 2 (1.0), CaCl 2 (2.3), and glycine (0.1), pH 7.4.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Neocortical Neuron Culture. Primary cultures of neocortical neurons were obtained from embryonic day 16 Swiss-Webster mice as previously described (Cao et al, 2010). The dissociated cells were plated onto poly(L-lysine)-coated 96-well clear-bottomed black-well (MidSci, St. Louis, MO) or 12-well culture plates at densities of 1.5 Â 10 5 or 1.8 Â 10 6 cells/well, respectively.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%