Involvement of host regulatory pathways during geminivirus infection: a novel platform for generating durable resistance

Sahu, Pranav Pankaj; Sharma, Namisha; Puranik, Swati; Muthamilarasan, Mehanathan

doi:10.1007/s10142-013-0346-z

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Although mechanistic underpinning of these very specific stress-induced methylation changes are unclear, we hypothesized that it might be related to the intrinsic expression state of genes encoding chromatin-remodeling enzymes, which are known to be perturbed under stress conditions (Ou et al 2012;Sahu et al 2013Sahu et al , 2014. In plants, methylation of CG, CHG, and CHH (H = A, C, or T) sequence contexts is catalyzed by three distinct but also overlapping DNA methyltransferases, methyltransferase 1 (MET1), chromomethylase 3 (CMT3), and domain rearranged methylase 2 (DRM2) (Ramsahoye et al 2000;Law and Jacobsen 2010;Hu et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Methylation Changes Induced in Rice by Exposure to High Concentrations of the Nitric Oxide Modulator, Sodium Nitroprusside

Zhuang

Yin

et al. 2015

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that participates at physiological concentrations in diverse regulatory pathways. However, when NO concentration reaches levels higher than normal, it is sensed as a stress, which results in epigenetic alterations and chromatin remodeling in plants.Here, we showed that exposure to 0.5 mM of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, induces stress symptoms in rice seedlings that result in complete growth inhibition. Moreover, these stress symptoms in SNP-treated plants were found to be associated with methylation changes in genomic DNA, which predominantly involve hypomethylation at the CHG sites. Concomitant with these changes, transcriptional activation of a number of genes and transposable elements (TEs) was also observed. Further analysis revealed that expression of four genes, Chromomethylase 3 (OsCMT3), deficient in DNA methylation 1 (OsDDM1a), OsDDM1b, and DEMETER (OsDME), involved in chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation homoeostasis have been specifically perturbed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Methylation Changes Induced in Rice by Exposure to High Concentrations of the Nitric Oxide Modulator, Sodium Nitroprusside

Zhuang

Yin

et al. 2015

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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“…Importance of the ubiquitin/26S proteasome (UPS) pathway in different plant-pathogen interactions is well recognized12345. UPS pathway has been implicated in diverse aspects of eukaryotic cell regulation as it rapidly removes intracellular proteins6.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tomato 26S Proteasome subunit RPT4a regulates ToLCNDV transcription and activates hypersensitive response in tomato

Sahu

Sharma

Puranik

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Involvement of 26S proteasomal subunits in plant pathogen-interactions, and the roles of each subunit in independently modulating the activity of many intra- and inter-cellular regulators controlling physiological and defense responses of a plant were well reported. In this regard, we aimed to functionally characterize a Solanum lycopersicum 26S proteasomal subunit RPT4a (SlRPT4) gene, which was differentially expressed after Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) infection in tolerant cultivar H-88-78-1. Molecular analysis revealed that SlRPT4 protein has an active ATPase activity. SlRPT4 could specifically bind to the stem-loop structure of intergenic region (IR), present in both DNA-A and DNA-B molecule of the bipartite viral genome. Lack of secondary structure in replication-associated gene fragment prevented formation of DNA-protein complex suggesting that binding of SlRPT4 with DNA is secondary structure specific. Interestingly, binding of SlRPT4 to IR inhibited the function of RNA Pol-II and subsequently reduced the bi-directional transcription of ToLCNDV genome. Virus-induced gene silencing of SlRPT4 gene incited conversion of tolerant attributes of cultivar H-88-78-1 into susceptibility. Furthermore, transient overexpression of SlRPT4 resulted in activation of programmed cell death and antioxidant enzymes system. Overall, present study highlights non-proteolytic function of SlRPT4 and their participation in defense pathway against virus infection in tomato.

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“…Therefore, the function of Rad54 in geminivirus replication may be masked by complementation through other HR proteins. Utilizing available information of the interactions of host pathways and virus factors is considered an indispensable approach for developing crop resistance strategies against geminiviruses (reviewed in Sahu et al 2014). In this respect, Rad54 was assessed as a promising candidate for attenuating virus replication via a knock-out or knock-down.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rad54 is not essential for any geminiviral replication mode in planta

2014

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The circular single-stranded DNA of phytopathogenic geminiviruses is propagated by three modes: complementary strand replication (CSR), rolling circle replication (RCR) and recombination-dependent replication (RDR), which need host plant factors to be carried out. In addition to necessary host polymerases, proteins of the homologous recombination repair pathway may be considered essential, since geminiviruses are particularly prone to recombination. Among several others, Rad54 was suggested to be necessary for the RCR of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus. This enzyme is a double-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase and chromatin remodeller and was found to bind and modulate the viral replication-initiator protein in vitro and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast to the previous report, we scrutinized the requirement of Rad54 in planta for two distinct fully infectious geminiviruses with respect to the three replication modes. Euphorbia yellow mosaic virus and Cleome leaf crumple virus were inoculated into Rad54-deficient and wildtype Arabidopsis thaliana plant lines to compare the occurrence of viral DNA forms. Replication intermediates were displayed in the time course of infection by one and two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis and Southern hybridization. The experiments showed that Rad54 was neither essential for CSR, RCR nor RDR, and it had no significant influence on virus titers during systemic infection.

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Involvement of host regulatory pathways during geminivirus infection: a novel platform for generating durable resistance

Cited by 36 publications

References 82 publications

DNA Methylation Changes Induced in Rice by Exposure to High Concentrations of the Nitric Oxide Modulator, Sodium Nitroprusside

DNA Methylation Changes Induced in Rice by Exposure to High Concentrations of the Nitric Oxide Modulator, Sodium Nitroprusside

Tomato 26S Proteasome subunit RPT4a regulates ToLCNDV transcription and activates hypersensitive response in tomato

Rad54 is not essential for any geminiviral replication mode in planta

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