Involvement of information specialists and statisticians in systematic reviews

Abstract

Background Systematic reviews (SRs) are usually conducted by a highly specialized group of researchers. The routine involvement of methodological experts is a core methodological recommendation. The present commentary describes the qualifications required for information specialists and statisticians involved in SRs, as well as their tasks, the methodological challenges they face, and potential future areas of involvement. Tasks and qualifications Information specialists select the information sources, develop search strategies, conduct the searches, and report the results. Statisticians select the methods for evidence synthesis, assess the risk of bias, and interpret the results. The minimum requirements for their involvement in SRs are a suitable university degree (e.g., in statistics or librarian/information science or an equivalent degree), methodological and content expertise, and several years of experience. Key arguments The complexity of conducting SRs has greatly increased due to a massive rise in the amount of available evidence and the number and complexity of SR methods, largely statistical and information retrieval methods. Additional challenges exist in the actual conduct of an SR, such as judging how complex the research question could become and what hurdles could arise during the course of the project. Conclusion SRs are becoming more and more complex to conduct and information specialists and statisticians should routinely be involved right from the start of the SR. This increases the trustworthiness of SRs as the basis for reliable, unbiased and reproducible health policy, and clinical decision making.

Reviews and Reviewing: Approaches to Research Synthesis. An Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) paper

“…For example, Aamodt et al (2019) found that librarian co‐authored systematic reviews were associated with a lower risk of bias while Rethlefsen et al (2015) found that librarian co‐authors correlated with higher quality reported search strategies. Waffenschmidt and Bender (2023) argue that the inclusion of information specialists to select information sources, develop search strategies, conduct the searches, and report the results increases the trustworthiness of systematic reviews.…”