Involvement of Long Chain Fatty Acid Elongation in the Trafficking of Secretory Vesicles in Yeast

David, Doris; Sundarababu, Sumathy; Gerst, Jeffrey E.

doi:10.1083/jcb.143.5.1167

Cited by 124 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

145

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The high-density vesicles contain invertase and acid phosphatase and intersect with the endosomal system, whereas the low-density vesicles contain Pma1 and glucanase and are directly transported to the cell surface without intersection with endosomes [7]. Elongase mutants on the other hand fail to generate these two vesicle populations and instead missort invertase and acid phosphatase into the Pma1 containing vesicle [30]. Whether the stability of Pma1, once delivered to the plasma membrane, is affected by the mixing of the two vesicle populations is presently not known.…”

Section: Coupling Of H D -Atpase Biogenesis To Sphingolipid Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Better understanding of the role that these asymmetrical C26-containing lipids have on protein sorting to the plasma membrane is important because elo3D mutant cells not only affect Pma1 stability but also show delayed ER to Golgi transport of the GPI-anchored protein Gas1 and defective surface transport of an artificial cargo protein [30,39]. We have previously characterized the biophysical properties of an inositol glycerophospholipid with a C26 fatty acid in position sn-1 and shown that this lipid is very potent in stabilizing highly curved membrane structures [40].…”

Section: What Is the Function Of C26-containing Lipids?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lipid-dependent surface transport of the proton pumping ATPase: A model to study plasma membrane biogenesis in yeast

Toulmay

Schneiter

2007

Biochimie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The proton pumping H þ -ATPase, Pma1, is one of the most abundant integral membrane proteins of the yeast plasma membrane. Pma1 activity controls the intracellular pH and maintains the electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane, two essential cellular functions. The maintenance of the proton gradient, on the other hand, also requires a specialized lipid composition of this membrane. The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is typically rich in sphingolipids and sterols. These two lipids condense to form less fluid membrane microdomains or lipid rafts. The yeast sphingolipid is peculiar in that it invariably contains a saturated very long-chain fatty acid with 26 carbon atoms. During cell growth and plasma membrane expansion, both C26-containing sphingolipids and Pma1 are first synthesized in the endoplasmatic reticulum from where they are transported by the secretory pathway to the cell surface. Remarkably, shortening the C26 fatty acid to a C22 fatty acid by mutations in the fatty acid elongation complex impairs raft association of newly synthesized Pma1 and induces rapid degradation of the ATPase by rerouting the enzyme from the plasma membrane to the vacuole, the fungal equivalent of the lysosome. Here, we review the role of lipids in mediating raft association and stable surface transport of the newly synthesized ATPase, and discuss a model, in which the newly synthesized ATPase assembles into a membrane environment that is enriched in C26-containing lipids already in the endoplasmatic reticulum. The resulting proteinelipid complex is then transported and sorted as an entity to the plasma membrane. Failure to successfully assemble this lipideprotein complex results in mistargeting of the protein to the vacuole.

show abstract

Section: Coupling Of H D -Atpase Biogenesis To Sphingolipid Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is the Function Of C26-containing Lipids?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid-dependent surface transport of the proton pumping ATPase: A model to study plasma membrane biogenesis in yeast

Toulmay

Schneiter

2007

Biochimie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The sites of exocytosis are also postulated to determine the shape of the growing hypha (Bartnicki-Garcia et al, 1989;Bartnicki-Garcia, 1990;Gierz and Bartnicki-Garcia, 2001); thus, it was of particular interest to follow membrane trafficking by using fusion proteins of the synaptobrevin homologue SYNA, an exocytic SNARE (Gerst, 1997). Given that SYNA is a member of a family of prototypic markers for exocytic vesicles (Protopopov et al, 1993;Gerst, 1997;David et al, 1998), it is strongly predicted to be a component of exocytic vesicles that becomes a transient component of the plasma membrane when exocytosis occurs, and then is recycled by endocytosis. Completely consistent with these predictions, we have found that SYNA localizes to small dots in the cytoplasm, to the Spitzenkö rper and to the plasma membrane at the hyphal apex.…”

Section: Exocytosis Endocytosis and Hyphal Morphogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tip Growth Apparatus ofAspergillus nidulans

Taheri-Talesh

Horio

Araújo‐Bazán

et al. 2008

MBoC

276

414

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyphal tip growth in fungi is important because of the economic and medical importance of fungi, and because it may be a useful model for polarized growth in other organisms. We have investigated the central questions of the roles of cytoskeletal elements and of the precise sites of exocytosis and endocytosis at the growing hyphal tip by using the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Time-lapse imaging of fluorescent fusion proteins reveals a remarkably dynamic, but highly structured, tip growth apparatus. Live imaging of SYNA, a synaptobrevin homologue, and SECC, an exocyst component, reveals that vesicles accumulate in the Spitzenkö rper (apical body) and fuse with the plasma membrane at the extreme apex of the hypha. SYNA is recycled from the plasma membrane by endocytosis at a collar of endocytic patches, 1-2 m behind the apex of the hypha, that moves forward as the tip grows. Exocytosis and endocytosis are thus spatially coupled. Inhibitor studies, in combination with observations of fluorescent fusion proteins, reveal that actin functions in exocytosis and endocytosis at the tip and in holding the tip growth apparatus together. Microtubules are important for delivering vesicles to the tip area and for holding the tip growth apparatus in position. INTRODUCTIONPolarized cell growth occurs in most eukaryotic phyla, and it includes a plethora of important phenomena, such as neuronal growth cone extension in animals and pollen tube extension in vascular plants. It is particularly important in filamentous fungi where nearly all growth occurs by hyphal tip extension (reviewed by Momany, 2002). Given that some filamentous fungi are important fermentation organisms, the growth of which is of considerable economic importance, whereas others are serious plant, animal, and human pathogens, there is considerable interest in the mechanisms of tip growth in these organisms.A great deal of progress has been made in understanding fungal tip growth (summarized by Harris et al., 2005; Steinberg, 2007a,b;Riquelme et al., 2007), but key questions remain unanswered. There is general agreement that fungal tip growth involves the synthesis of cell wall components in the cell body, the incorporation of these components into vesicles, the transport of these vesicles to the cell tip, the fusion of these vesicles with the plasma membrane in the area of the cell tip (exocytosis) to release their contents, and the cross-linking of the components after release. It is clear that both microtubules and actin microfilaments play important roles in fungal tip growth, but their exact functions are not yet defined. The exact sites of exocytosis and endocytosis also remain to be determined. The positions of the site(s) of exocytosis are particularly important because fungal walls are relatively stiff structures, and once they have formed the shape of the hypha is established. Hyphal shape is thus determined to a very significant extent by where the wall precursors are released from the cytoplasm, i.e., by the positioning of the site(s) of exocyto...

show abstract

“…Interestingly, the suppressor mutations of this phenotype map to the VBM1 and VBM2 genes, which are identical to ELO 2 and 3, whose gene products are involved in the elongation of fatty acids to generate the long-chain fatty acids required for ceramide synthesis [71]. While attempting to understand the role of sphingolipids in the growth and secretion phenotypes of the snc mutant cells (see below) cells, Marash and Gerst found that treating the cells with ceramide precursors or analogs restores normal growth at restrictive temperatures [72].…”

Section: Sphingolipids In Endocytosis and Exocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SNC1 and SNC2 genes encode snc1p and snc2p respectively, which are archetypal v-SNARES involved in the exocytosis process [68,69,71,74]. The mutants cease growth at 38°C, and at 37°C they accumulate secretory vesicles and show defective protein secretion.…”

Section: Sphingolipids In Endocytosis and Exocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphingolipids and membrane biology as determined from genetic models

Rao

Acharya

2008

Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The importance of sphingolipids in membrane biology was appreciated early in the twentieth century when several human inborn errors of metabolism were linked to defects in sphingolipid degradation. The past two decades have seen an explosion of information linking sphingolipids with cellular processes. Studies have unraveled mechanistic details of the sphingolipid metabolic pathways, and these findings are being exploited in the development of novel therapies, some now in clinical trials. Pioneering work in yeast has laid the foundation for identifying genes encoding the enzymes of the pathways. The advent of the era of genomics and bioinformatics has led to the identification of homologous genes in other species and the subsequent creation of animal knock-out lines for these genes. Discoveries from these efforts have re-kindled interest in the role of sphingolipids in membrane biology. This review highlights some of the recent advances in understanding sphingolipids' roles in membrane biology as determined from genetic models.

show abstract

Involvement of Long Chain Fatty Acid Elongation in the Trafficking of Secretory Vesicles in Yeast

Cited by 124 publications

References 71 publications

Lipid-dependent surface transport of the proton pumping ATPase: A model to study plasma membrane biogenesis in yeast

Lipid-dependent surface transport of the proton pumping ATPase: A model to study plasma membrane biogenesis in yeast

The Tip Growth Apparatus ofAspergillus nidulans

Sphingolipids and membrane biology as determined from genetic models

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About