Involvement of NTS2 receptors in stress-induced analgesia

Changes in Biochemical Markers of Pain Perception and Stress Response After Spinal Manipulation

“…34 Recent studies with neurotensin antagonists and knockout mice lacking neurotensin or neurotensin receptors have revealed that the neurotensinergic system plays a pivotal role in the nonopioid form of stress-induced analgesia. 34,42,58 In summary, the antinociceptive effect of neurotensin after SM may increase the mechanical stress threshold that cervical tissues can tolerate.…”

Neuropeptide Receptors in Pain Circuitries: Useful Targets for CNS Imaging with Non-Peptide Ligands Suitable for PET?

“…Efforts to improve high throughput screening and hit refinement strategies give rise for expectations of further candidate structures for potential κ subtype specific PET tracers [240]. The most interesting non-peptide receptor ligand with a role in vascular and inflammatory processes involved in pain circuits appears to be the CGRP antagonist MK4232 (14) evaluated by the group of Bell and Hostetler [60] [153]. The CGRP antagonist telcagepant had to be recalled recently because of adverse effects in the liver.…”

“…On the other hand, endogenous compounds e.g. endorphins contribute to the interruption of pain circuitries in stress-induced analgesia [10]- [14].…”

“…At the level of the lumbar spinal cord, a participation of this receptor subtype in disinhibition of descending pain control pathways has been suggested [14].…”

Sex Differences in Antinociceptive Effects Induced by Gravity Stress in Rats

“…The degree of antagonization was greater in males than in females. It has been suggested that multiple neuronal mechanisms are involved in endogenous pain modulation [41]. SIA in particular comprises an opioid and a nonopioid system.…”