Involvement of small heat shock proteins, trehalose, and lipids in the thermal stress management in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Abstract

Changes in the levels of three structurally and functionally different important thermoprotectant molecules, namely small heat shock proteins (sHsps), trehalose, and lipids, have been investigated upon heat shock in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Both α-crystallin-type sHsps (Hsp15.8 and Hsp16) were induced after prolonged high-temperature treatment but with different kinetic profiles. The shsp null mutants display a weak, but significant, heat sensitivity indicating their importance in the thermal stress management. The heat induction of sHsps is different in wild type and in highly heat-sensitive trehalose-deficient (tps1Δ) cells; however, trehalose level did not show significant alteration in shsp mutants. The altered timing of trehalose accumulation and induction of sHsps suggest that the disaccharide might provide protection at the early stage of the heat stress while elevated amount of sHsps are required at the later phase. The cellular lipid compositions of two different temperature-adapted wild-type S. pombe cells are also altered according to the rule of homeoviscous adaptation, indicating their crucial role in adapting to the environmental temperature changes. Both Hsp15.8 and Hsp16 are able to bind to different lipids isolated from S. pombe, whose interaction might provide a powerful protection against heat-induced damages of the membranes. Our data suggest that all the three investigated thermoprotectant macromolecules play a pivotal role during the thermal stress management in the fission yeast.

Quantitative genetics of temperature performance curves ofNeurospora crassa

“…Furthermore, changes in cell membrane composition are involved in temperature acclimation and the proportion of highly unsaturated fats increases in low temperatures (Martin et al ., 1981). These responses have been observed in yeasts as well (Glatz et al ., 2015). It is likely that there is genetic variation in the heat shock response induction threshold or in the magnitude of heat shock response, and this physiological variation can explain why genetic correlation across temperatures is lower when 40 °C is involved.…”

Soluble Sugar and Lipid Readjustments in the Yarrowia lipolytica Yeast at Various Temperatures and pH

“…Similar experimental results were obtained using Schizosaccharomyces pombe exposed to a short temperature stress. The data demonstrated an increase in the saturated fatty acids share in the membrane lipids [56].…”

“…Also, abundant margaric (C17: 0; 12.19%) and heptadecenoic (C17:1; 9.31%) fatty acids were found when Y. lipolytica was cultivated in fermenters using glycerol as a carbon source. Probably, an increase in the saturated fatty acid content of the mitochondria CL fraction upon stress provides the integrity and rigidity of the cell membranes according to the homeoviscous adaptation, which includes a change in the lipid profile of the cell membrane, ensuring its necessary fluidity [56].…”

Heat Shock Proteins and Autophagy Pathways in Neuroprotection: From Molecular Bases to Pharmacological Interventions

“…In fact, the structure of plasma membrane-residing lipid rafts is strongly dependent on the thermally controlled lipid phase behavior. Hence, even mild changes in temperature could result in a fundamentally altered fluidity and, consequently, in the redistribution and activity of potential stress-sensing and/or stress-signaling proteins within these subdomains [ 57 , 58 , 197 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 , 215 ]. Docosahexaenoic acid shows neuroprotective effects mainly by decreasing de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and shifting cholesterol from the rafts to the non-raft fraction [ 216 ].…”