Involvement of the galactinol synthase gene in abiotic and biotic stress responses: A review on current knowledge

Santos, Tiago Benedito dos; Vieira, Luiz Gonzaga Esteves

doi:10.1016/j.plgene.2020.100258

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…RFOs biosynthesis begins with galactinol synthase ( GolS ), catalysing the galactosyl transfer to myo-inositol from UDP-D-galactose, synthesizing galactinol ( dos Santos and Vieira, 2020 ). A higher concentration of galactinol than UDP-D-galactose in the developing seed suggests the function of galactinol as a transient galactosyl store, separated from primary carbohydrate metabolism ( Peterbauer and Richter, 2001 ).…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Rfos In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing raffinose family oligosaccharides content in plants: A tightrope walk

Sanyal

Kumar²,

Pattanayak

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plants synthesize various compounds for their growth, metabolism, and stress mitigation, and one such group of compounds is the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs). RFOs are non-reducing oligosaccharides having galactose residues attached to a sucrose moiety. They act as carbohydrate reserves in plants, assisting in seed germination, desiccation tolerance, and biotic/abiotic stress tolerance. Although legumes are among the richest sources of dietary proteins, the direct consumption of legumes is hindered by an excess of RFOs in the edible parts of the plant, which causes flatulence in humans and monogastric animals. These opposing characteristics make RFOs manipulation a complicated tradeoff. An in-depth knowledge of the chemical composition, distribution pattern, tissue mobilization, and metabolism is required to optimize the levels of RFOs. The most recent developments in our understanding of RFOs distribution, physiological function, genetic regulation of their biosynthesis, transport, and degradation in food crops have been covered in this review. Additionally, we have suggested a few strategies that can sustainably reduce RFOs in order to solve the flatulence issue in animals. The comprehensive information in this review can be a tool for researchers to precisely control the level of RFOs in crops and create low antinutrient, nutritious food with wider consumer acceptability.

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Section: Biosynthesis Of Rfos In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing raffinose family oligosaccharides content in plants: A tightrope walk

Sanyal

Kumar²,

Pattanayak

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Similarly, galactinol synthesis by GolS from Myo-inositol and UDP-galactose is viewed as a crucial regulating step in RFO biosynthesis [ 31 , 125 , 126 ]. Carbon partitioning between sucrose and raffinose saccharides is regulated by GolS.…”

Section: Role Of Rfo In Regulating Plant Seed Vigor and Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs): role in seed vigor and longevity

Salvi

Varshney²,

Majee

2022

Bioscience Reports

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Seed vigor and longevity are important agronomic attributes, as they are essentially associated with crop yield and thus the global economy. Seed longevity is a measure of seed viability and the most essential property in gene bank management since it affects regeneration of seed recycling. Reduced seed life or storability is a serious issue in seed storage since germplasm conservation and agricultural enhancement initiatives rely on it. The irreversible and ongoing process of seed deterioration comprises a complex gene regulatory network and altered metabolism that results in membrane damage, DNA integrity loss, mitochondrial dysregulation, protein damage, and disrupted antioxidative machinery. Carbohydrates and/or sugars, primarily RFOs, have emerged as feasible components for boosting or increasing seed vigor and longevity in recent years. RFOs are known to perform diverse functions in plants, including abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, besides being involved in regulating seed germination, desiccation tolerance, vigor, and longevity. We emphasised and analysed the potential impact of RFOs on seed vigor and longevity in this review. Here, we comprehensively reviewed the molecular mechanisms involved in seed longevity, RFO metabolism, and how RFO content is critical and linked with seed vigor and longevity. Further molecular basis, biotechnological approaches, and CRISPR/Cas applications have been discussed briefly for the improvement of seed attributes and ultimately crop production. Likewise, we suggest advancements, challenges, and future possibilities in this area.

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“…It is a galactosyl donor that generates an essential molecule of oligosaccharides (RFOs) of the raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose family, among others (Sengupta et al, 2012;Meyer et al, 2018). The biosynthetic pathway of galactinol and RFOs catalyzed by GolS is very detailed in some plant species (Sengupta et al, 2012;Vieira, 2020). This GolS belongs, according to some studies, to family 8 (GT8) of glycosyltransferases, a family of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of various sugars, and is related to the storage, energy, and signaling of important molecules (Jing et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GolS gene has been identified and characterized in different plant species, both in monocot and dicot: Arabidopsis thaliana (Nishizawa et al, 2008), Coffea arabica L. and C. canephora (Santos et al, 2011;, Pisum sativum (Lahuta et al, 2014), Solanum lycopersicum and Brachypodium distachyon (Filiz et al, 2015), Manihot esculenta Crantz (Li et al, 2018), Musa acuminata (Dolcimasculo et al, 2018), Panicum virgatum L. and P. hallii (Góis et al, 2020), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Koning et al, 2023). Plants have more than one isoform of GolS and can act on specific tissues (Sengupta et al, 2012;revised by Santos;Vieira, 2020). In the recent past, we also found information in the literature that the expression of GolS is in the involvement, for example, of environmental adversities (Santos et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2011;Vieira, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Galactinol Synthase (Gols) Genes in Ipomoea Triloba and I. Trifida: An Approach Using Bioinformatics

Rufino,

Lobo,

Yaguinuma

et al. 2024

COLLOQ AGRARIAE

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Galactinol synthase (GolS - EC 2.4.1.123) is classified as a key enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the synthesis pathway of the raffinose family (RFOs). Although GolS genes have been characterized in several important species, their characterization in sweet potatoes has yet to be explored. Ipomoea trifida (Kunth) G. Don (2n = 2x = 30) is currently described as one of the closest ancestors of the sweet potato and considered an excellent crossbreeding species, allowing the introgression of important genes such as GolS. This study aimed to identify and characterize in silico the GolS genes in I. trifida and compare with I. triloba. We identified nine GolS genes, five in I. triloba and four in I. trifida. Our study encompassed various aspects, including gene structure analysis, motif identification, chromosomal distribution, synteny analysis, and gene expression. The presence of gene duplications and purifying selection were highlighted, suggesting the evolutionary significance of GolS genes in these species. Phylogenetic analysis categorized GolS proteins into three groups, potentially reflecting distinct functional roles. Furthermore, synteny analysis revealed orthologous relationships between GolS genes in the studied species and related plants, contributing to our understanding of their evolutionary history. In silico expression analysis across diverse tissues unveiled tissue-specific expression patterns, hinting at specialized roles for GolS genes in different plant organs. These findings contribute to the broader field of plant genetics, carbohydrate metabolism, and agriculture, offering opportunities for crop improvement and sustainable food production.

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Involvement of the galactinol synthase gene in abiotic and biotic stress responses: A review on current knowledge

Cited by 20 publications

References 96 publications

Optimizing raffinose family oligosaccharides content in plants: A tightrope walk

Optimizing raffinose family oligosaccharides content in plants: A tightrope walk

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs): role in seed vigor and longevity

Characterization of Galactinol Synthase (Gols) Genes in Ipomoea Triloba and I. Trifida: An Approach Using Bioinformatics

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