Involving the life inside: The complex interplay between reproductive axis hormones and gut microbiota

Organski, Anna Clapp; Jorgensen, Joan S.; Cross, Tzu Wen L.

doi:10.1016/j.coemr.2021.100284

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Specifically, the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium can utilise lactose, which is eventually decomposed into lactate, short-chain fatty acids (mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate) and gases (H 2 , CO 2 and CH 4 ) (40,41) . Gut microbiota may contribute to modulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis including the gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropins and sex steroids as its components, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis can have a negative effect on the metabolic and reproductive health, for example, polycystic ovary syndrome (42) . Compared with control rats, polycystic ovary syndrome rats treated with Lactobacillus showed a reduction in androgen biosynthesis and an increase in granulosa layers with formation of corpora lutea in the ovarian tissues (43) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary lactose and galactose intakes are associated with a later onset of natural menopause among women in a Japanese community

et al. 2022

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Galactose and its metabolites, primarily derived from lactose, may have toxic effects on the ovary. We aimed to prospectively examine the associations of galactose and lactose intakes with the onset of natural menopause. The data of a population-based cohort study in a Japanese community (the Takayama study) initiated in 1992 was analyzed, with follow-up data collected in 2002. Among the participants of the Takayama study, premenopausal women (n=3,115) aged 35–56 years at baseline were included in this study. Dietary intake including lactose and galactose was assessed only at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. The menopausal status and age at menopause were determined based on the participants’ self-reports, and natural menopause was defined as the absence of menstruation for 12 months or more. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 1,790 women experienced natural menopause within the 10-year follow-up. Lactose and galactose intakes were associated with a later onset of natural menopause after adjusting for potential confounding factors and the HRs (95% CIs) for the highest vs. lowest quartile were 0.80 (0.69–0.92) (P-trend = 0.001) in lactose and 0.86 (0.74–1.00) in galactose (P-trend = 0.036), respectively. High intakes of lactose and galactose were associated with a later onset of natural menopause. Despite the presumed ovotoxicity effects, lactose and galactose intakes at usual levels may not be deleterious to the ovarian aging process among Japanese community-dwelling women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary lactose and galactose intakes are associated with a later onset of natural menopause among women in a Japanese community

et al. 2022

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“…For example, gonadectomy or ablation of the vomeronasal organ (an androgen-sensitive organ responsible for pheromone processing) has been associated with decreased preference for opposite-sex odors and male aggression ( Bodo and Rissman, 2008 ; Cross et al, 2021 ; Schellino et al, 2016 ). It is possible that these neural pathways may be sensitive to microbiota perturbations and/or that gut microbiota depletion may alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which regulates the production and secretion of sex hormones, including androgens ( Organski et al, 2021 ). For instance, a link between the microbiota and gonadal hormones has been reported—namely, gut microbe Clostridium scindens can produce androgens from glucocorticoids ( Ridlon et al, 2013 ); thus, depletion of the microbiota may alter androgen-producing microbes and the HPG axis ( Tetel et al, 2018 ), leading to alterations in circulating androgens and subsequently on male aggression and olfactory preference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A1 ), thus confirming the effectiveness of the androgen treatment, although circulating T levels were not measured in the current study. However, it remains possible that ABX treatment could mask the effects of T. For example, the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) component of the HPG axis has been associated with gut microbiota alterations through pro-inflammatory pathways induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) ( Im et al, 2012 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Organski et al, 2021 ). Hence, a possible connection between microbiota depletion and highly permeable gut metabolites (e.g., LPS, butyrate) might interact with the neuroendocrine HPG pathway to affect circulating T, rendering it incapable of rescuing ABX-induced behavioral deficits in ABX-treating male mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic-induced socio-sexual behavioral deficits are reversed via cecal microbiota transplantation but not androgen treatment

Salia

Martin

Burke

et al. 2023

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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“…GnRH is associated with intestinal health and motility through, GnRHR found in the parasympathetic ganglion cells and GnRH peptides found in the myenteric nerve plexus of the enteric nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract. Gut motility directly impacts microbial populations in the intestines by changing transit time, influencing substrates and energy sources for bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (Organski et al, 2021). Photoperiod regulates the secretion of melatonin (Chakravarti & Rizvi, 2008) and the supplementation of melatonin can increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus acidophilus ( L. acidophilus ) bacteria in the gut (Kim et al, 2020).…”

Section: Gnrh Impact On Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role ofGnRHin Tibetan male sheep and goat reproduction

Zhao,

Adjei,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis connects the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads. The regulation of reproductive processes includes integrating various factors from structural functions and environmental conditions in the HPG axis, with the outcome indication of these processes being the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. These factors include feed consumption and nutritional condition, sex steroids, season/photoperiod, pheromones, age, and stress. GnRH pulsatile secretion affects the pattern of gonadotropin secretion of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which then regulates both endocrine function and gamete maturation in the gonads. This regulates gonadotropins and testosterone (T) production. There is evidence that in males, GnRH participates in a variety of host behavioural and physiological processes such as the release of reproductive hormones, progression of spermatogenesis and sperm function, aggressive behaviour, and physiological metabolism. GnRH activates receptors expressed on Leydig cells and Sertoli cells, respectively to stimulate T secretion and spermatogenesis in the testis. Photoperiod affects the reproductive system of the hypothalamic‐pituitary axis via rhythmic diurnal melatonin secretion. Increased release of melatonin promotes sexual activity, GnRH production, LH stimulation, and T production. This induces testicular functions, spermatogenesis, and puberty. GnRH reduces the release of LH by the pituitary through the cascade effect and decreases plasma concentration of T. Gut microbiota maintain sex steroid homeostasis and may induce reduction in reproduction productivity. Recently, findings of kisspeptin‐neurokinin‐dynorphin neuronal network in the brain have resulted in fast advances in how GnRH secretion is controlled. Emerging studies have also indicated that other neuropeptide analogues could be used in control reproduction procedures in various goat and sheep breeds. The Tibetan male sheep and goats reproduce on a seasonal basis and have high reproductive performance. This is a review for the role of GnRH in Tibetan male sheep and goats reproduction. This is intended to enhance reproductive knowledge for understanding the key roles of GnRH relating to male reproductive efficiency of Tibetan sheep or goats.

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Involving the life inside: The complex interplay between reproductive axis hormones and gut microbiota

Cited by 8 publications

References 60 publications

Dietary lactose and galactose intakes are associated with a later onset of natural menopause among women in a Japanese community

Dietary lactose and galactose intakes are associated with a later onset of natural menopause among women in a Japanese community

Antibiotic-induced socio-sexual behavioral deficits are reversed via cecal microbiota transplantation but not androgen treatment

The role ofGnRHin Tibetan male sheep and goat reproduction

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