Iodide management in formamidinium-lead-halide–based perovskite layers for efficient solar cells

Abstract

The formation of a dense and uniform thin layer on the substrates is crucial for the fabrication of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) containing formamidinium with multiple cations and mixed halide anions. The concentration of defect states, which reduce a cell's performance by decreasing the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density, needs to be as low as possible. We show that the introduction of additional iodide ions into the organic cation solution, which are used to form the perovskite layers through an intramolecular exchanging process, decreases the concentration of deep-level defects. The defect-engineered thin perovskite layers enable the fabrication of PSCs with a certified power conversion efficiency of 22.1% in small cells and 19.7% in 1-square-centimeter cells.

Rational design of SnO2-based electron transport layer in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells: more kinetically favorable than traditional double-layer architecture

“…PSCs exhibit high flexibility in cell architectures and the ones that contain mesoporous scaffolds are usually classified to be mesoscopic PSCs (M-PSCs) which are extraordinarily representative and reliable in terms of achieving high photoelectric conversion efficiencies (PCEs) [5,6]. In recent years, no efforts have been spared to promoting the device performance of M-PSCs and a stabilized PCE of 22.1% has been achieved recently [7]. Nowadays, with many scientific issues being explored around M-PSCs, the pursuit of further photovoltaic improvement is imperative.…”

CsPbCl3‐Driven Low‐Trap‐Density Perovskite Grain Growth for >20% Solar Cell Efficiency

“…In just the few years since its invention, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the organic–inorganic hybrid PVK solar cell (PSC) based on mixed cations and halides has been rapidly increased to as high as 22.7% 12, 13, 14…”

Aqueous‐Containing Precursor Solutions for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The efficiency of perovskite solar cells has rapidly risen from 3.8% to over 22.1% just within the past several years 10, 11. Despite these many advantages, perovskite solar cells still need to overcome several shortcomings before they can be deployed commercially.…”