Iodinated contrast agents in neuroradiology

Zagoria, Ronald J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3959-5_11

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…3 The contrast material for CT scanning is iodinated contrast. Prior allergic reaction to iodinated contrast or a history of renal failure may be contraindications to using contrast in CT. [4][5][6] In general, the use of contrast improves the sensitivity and specificity of CT scan interpretation. 5 For most conditions in ophthalmology, contrast material should be included when ordering a CT scan.…”

Section: Ct Scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging for neuro‐ophthalmic and orbital disease – a review

Lee

Johnson

Policeni

et al. 2009

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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A literature review was performed by content experts in neuro-ophthalmology and neuroradiology using a systematic English-language Medline search (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) limited to articles with relevance to neuro-ophthalmic and orbital imaging. The information covered in this review includes: (i) the basic mechanics, indications and contraindications for cranial and orbital computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging; (ii) the utility and indications for intravenous contrast, (iii) the use of specific MR sequences; (iv) the techniques and ophthalmic indications for computed tomography/MR angiography and venography; and (v) the techniques and indications for functional MR imaging, positron emission tomography scanning and single photon emission computed tomography. Throughout the review accurate and timely communication with the neuroradiologist regarding the clinical findings and suspected location of lesions is emphasized so as to optimize the ordering and interpretation of imaging studies for the ophthalmologist.

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Section: Ct Scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging for neuro‐ophthalmic and orbital disease – a review

Lee

Johnson

Policeni

et al. 2009

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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“…Not univocal contribution of intra/extra-cerebral and arterio-venous compartments though according to [73,53,63]. Time resolved NIRS measures principally venous blood oxygenation [147] Blood in CSF interferes with light propagation in the brain of SAH patients [147] None TCD Bedside/(continuous) monitoring [143] Repeatable [143] Not expensive No contrast agents required [143] Not described to our knowledge Studies only proximal vessels Operator-dependent None CTA Not invasive [119,142] Fast No sedation required Not expensive Can visualize CV in the posterior circulation [42] Reactions to iodinated contrast medium [150] Lower spatial resolution than DSA-reduced accuracy for proximal mild/moderate CV-lower resolution of small caliber (distal) arteries [23,119] Variability in image reconstruction [119], delay of scanning after contrast injection [6] Beam-hardening artifacts from clips and coils [23,119] 0.67-5.73 mSv [93,145] CTP Not invasive [142] Demonstration CV in small arterioles [48] Relative fast scanning time [77] Reactions to iodinated contrast medium [150] Not for posterior circulation [6,142] Includes a limited thickness of brain volume PWI Good spatial and anatomic resolution [143] Coverage of the whole brain [77,143] No radiation [77] Can be combined with other MRI studies (as MRA)…”

Section: Transcranial Dopplermentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm and risk of delayed cerebral ischemia related to aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: an overview of available tools

et al. 2015

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In the first weeks following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, cerebrovascular alterations may impact the outcome significantly. Diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm and detection of alterations at risk of delayed cerebral ischemia are key targets to be monitored in the post-acute phase. Available tools include clinical monitoring, as well as studies that can detect possible arterial narrowing, alterations of perfusion, metabolism and neurophysiology. Each technique is able to investigate possible vascular impairment and has different advantages and limits. All available techniques have been described. Among these, the most practical have been selected and compared for their peculiar characteristics. Based on this analysis, a flowchart to monitor these patients is finally proposed.

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Indication-related dosing for magnetic resonance contrast media

1997

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This presentation reviews the issue of contrast media dosing and imaging protocols for the optimal MR imaging detection and characterization of pathology. The cumulative clinical experience gained in performing contrast-enhanced MR examinations with gadolinium chelates indicates that a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight provides safe and effective enhancement of most CNS pathology. Doses lower than 0.1 mmol/kg have been shown to be inadequate for delineating all but selected types of CNS pathology, such as masses with a high lesion to background ratio on post-contrast images (acoustic neuromas) or lesions located in areas in which the normal tissue very rapidly takes up contrast agent (e. g. microadenomas in the pituitary gland). Recent clinical studies have suggested a role for high dose gadolinium administration (up to 0.3 mmol/kg) for the optimal detection and delineation of cerebral metastases or other small or poorly enhancing lesions. Differences in the histopathologic characteristics (capillary permeability, vascularity, location, size) of specific diseased tissues may require varying doses or even a different contrast agent to be used for optimal imaging results. As new MR contrast agents and new scanning techniques are introduced, the specific diagnostic question posed will likely determine the choice of pulse sequence, contrast agent and dose used.

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Iodinated contrast agents in neuroradiology

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Imaging for neuro‐ophthalmic and orbital disease – a review

Imaging for neuro‐ophthalmic and orbital disease – a review

Diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm and risk of delayed cerebral ischemia related to aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: an overview of available tools

Indication-related dosing for magnetic resonance contrast media

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