Iodine and Iodine Compounds

Lyday, Phyllis A.; Kaiho, Tatsuo

doi:10.1002/14356007.a14_381.pub2

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report to investigate the effect of PI on pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression by BEnEpC. Generally, PI showed the ability of non-specifically induced cytotoxicity due to the oxidizing effects of free iodine on the functional groups of amino acids, nucleotides and the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids [61]. Over the last years, PI has been shown to induce cell death through necrosis or apoptosis along with the high production of reactive oxygen intermediates and low mitochondrial membrane permeability [28,62,63].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 76%

An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity between povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for treating clinical endometritis in dairy cows

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and povidone-iodine (PI) on clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) from the vaginal discharge of dairy cows, as well as to compare the cytotoxicity effects of CHX and PI on bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEnEpC). In Experiment 1, 12 E. coli and 10 T. pyogenes were isolated from the vaginal discharge of cows with a uterine infection. The MIC and MBC against CHX and PI were analyzed in vitro. In Experiment 2, the cytotoxicity effects of CHX and PI on BEnEpC were analyzed using a Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit, wound scratch healing assay, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α). In Experiment 1, the MIC and MBC values of CHX against E. coli were 0.0002% and 0.0002 to 0.00025%, respectively. The MIC and MBC values of PI were 1.25 to 2.5% and 1.25 to 5%, respectively. For T. pyogenes, the MIC and MBC values of CHX were 0.00002%. The MIC and MBC values of PI were 1.25%. In Experiment 2, the cell viability significantly decreased, and wound closures were significantly inhibited after treatment with ≥ 0.002% CHX and ≥ 0.025% PI. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α significantly increased after treatment with PI. Only IL-6 showed a significant increase after cells were treated with 0.00002% and 0.0002% CHX. The results suggested that both CHX and PI had high antibacterial effects. However, veterinarians and farmers should be aware of their cytotoxicity, which decrease viability of endometrial epithelial cells and inhibit wound healing in vitro.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 76%

An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity between povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for treating clinical endometritis in dairy cows

et al. 2022

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“…Possibly, the ammonium iodide used as an iodine precursor during the synthesis process dissociated into ammonia and iodine gas and evaporated during the reaction. 6 Although the chemical analyses did not show the presence of iodine in the samples, an investigation was conducted to evaluate the potential effects left by the processing in the presence of iodine. The main characterizations were color measurements, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, EPR, XPS, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and photoactivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic defects generated by iodine during TiO₂ crystallization and its relationship with electrical conductivity and photoactivity

Bernardes

Silva

Ramos

et al. 2023

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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Defect formation during synthesis is one of the strategies used to improve the photoactivity of polycrystalline semiconductors such as titanium dioxide (TiO2). Defects can modify the electronic structure of TiO2 and change the surface of the interaction between the photocatalyst and the reactants. In this study, TiO2 relationship between processing in the presence of iodine and the consequent formation of intrinsic defects were explored. TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using the polymeric precursor method and exposed to iodine ions at concentrations up to 5 mol%. After calcination at 350°C, detailed chemical analyses revealed that iodine was absent in the samples. However, the TiO2 properties, such as specific surface area, crystallite sizes, and specific grain boundary area, were affected. Further experiments, such as electron paramagnetic resonance, diffuse reflectance, optical measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated the presence of defects in the iodine‐processed samples. These defects directly influenced the electrical properties of the material, which affected the photoactivity, measured by the degradation of acetaminophen.

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“…We did not consider the impacts of lead(II) bromide (PbBr 2 ) precursor production because it has many possible synthesis routes, and we could not determine which one would be commercially feasible. However, PbBr 2 can be synthesized using the same PbI 2 process route involving the reaction of a potassium halide and lead nitrate. , In that case, the production processes for halide salts are reasonably similar except the usage of the respective iodine or bromine in upstream potassium halide production . Iodine and bromine production processes have similar environmental impacts on a mass basis, where differences are not statistically significant, across all ReCiPe impact categories in ecoinvent database libraries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sustainability of Mixed Cation Perovskite Materials in Photovoltaics Manufacturing

Khalifa

Spatari

Fafarman

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Efficiencies of lead halide perovskite photovoltaics have increased to 25%, putting them on track for commercialization within the next 1−3 years. Devices exhibiting the best combination of high efficiency and long operational lifetimes have used mixed cation perovskite absorber layers such as cesium/methylammonium/formamidinium lead iodide (Cs x MA y FA 1-x-y PbI 3 ). However, the associated environmental burdens of the supply chains of perovskite precursors should also be considered when selecting compositions for commercialization. Prior literature based on laboratory-scale data reported a particularly high environmental burden for FA and warned against using these highest-performing film compositions. Here, we report a comprehensive study of the environmental impacts of common precursor salts used to form mixed cation perovskite films, using a life cycle assessment approach. We have used updated data sources, process scale-up concepts, and sensitivity analysis to build commercial-scale life cycle inventory models for perovskite precursors that can inform industrial manufacturing choices with more transparent and robust environmental analysis. Our results indicate that the process-based climate change, cumulative energy demand, and human toxicity impacts of CsI, MAI, and FAI are similar to each other and lead to iodide (PbI 2 ) salts on a molar basis. The current cesium supply appears sufficient for near-future perovskite deployment. Additionally, the impacts of the perovskite precursors are ∼1000-fold smaller than those of glass when considering amounts needed per module area. Therefore, selection of perovskite composition can be based on PV efficiency and operational stability, without additional constraints of environmental impact.

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Iodine and Iodine Compounds

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity between povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for treating clinical endometritis in dairy cows

An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity between povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for treating clinical endometritis in dairy cows

Intrinsic defects generated by iodine during TiO₂ crystallization and its relationship with electrical conductivity and photoactivity

Environmental Sustainability of Mixed Cation Perovskite Materials in Photovoltaics Manufacturing

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Iodine and Iodine Compounds

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity between povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for treating clinical endometritis in dairy cows

An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity between povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine for treating clinical endometritis in dairy cows

Intrinsic defects generated by iodine during TiO2 crystallization and its relationship with electrical conductivity and photoactivity

Environmental Sustainability of Mixed Cation Perovskite Materials in Photovoltaics Manufacturing

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Intrinsic defects generated by iodine during TiO₂ crystallization and its relationship with electrical conductivity and photoactivity