Iodine consumption and cognitive performance: Confirmation of adequate consumption

Abstract

Iodine, a dynamic nutrient present in thyroid hormones, is responsible for regulating thyroid function, supporting a healthy metabolism, and aiding growth and development. Iodine is also essential for brain development during specific time windows influencing neurogenesis, neuronal and glial cell differentiation, myelination, neuronal migration, and synaptogenesis. About 1.5 billion people in 130 countries live in areas at risk of iron deficiencies (IDs). Reduced mental ability due to IDs occurs in almost 300 million people. Ensuring the consumption of minimum recommended daily allowances of iodine remains challenging. The effects of ID disorders range from high mortality of fetuses and children to inhibited mental development (cretinism). Poor socioeconomic development and impaired school performance are also notable. Currently, ID disorders are the single greatest contributor to preventable brain damage in fetuses and infants and arrested psychomotor development in children. Iodized salt may help fulfill iodine requirements. Increases in food salt iodization programs can help overcome ID disorders. Dietary plans can be well adjusted to incorporate iodinated foods. Maternal iodine supplementation for offspring requires adequate attention. Fruits, vegetables, bread, eggs, legumes (beans and peas), nuts, seeds, seafood, lean meats and poultry, and soy products provide small quantities of iodine. Nutrient‐dense foods containing essential vitamins and minerals such as iodine may confer positive effects. To some extent, fortified foods and daily dietary supplements can be provided for different nutrients including iodine; otherwise, iodine may be consumed in less than the recommended amounts. This review focuses on aspects of adequate iodine consumption to avoid cognitive impairments.

Knowledge and practice of mothers of school-going children regarding iodized salt and its association with the psychology testing of the students

“…The children also cooperated and benefited from the exercise of salt testing and its relevance in a consumer's life. It is scientifically proven that iodine-sufficient children have fine motor skills, information processing, and visual problem solving,[ 12 13 ] and similar results are seen in our study wherein the adequate iodine content in salt was protective for normal and above psychological scores as seen in Table 3 . The results are not significant as the sample size is not representative; however, the inferences can be used as a strong proxy educative message to insist on iodized salt use among the mothers of the school children.…”

Association of Infantile Anorexia with Sleep Pattern and Cognitive Development of Children at Southern Region of Central Java, Indonesia

“…Iodine supplementation from mothers to children requires adequate attention. The adequate consumption of iodine can avoid cognitive impairment in children (41,42).…”

Prevention and Treatment of Iodine-Induced Thyrotoxicosis

“…Most dietary supplements, as well as food and water, contains iodine as salts: sodium iodide, sodium iodate, potassium iodide, and potassium iodate. Different solid dosage forms of potassium iodide are available, but around 20% is assimilated from inorganic forms of iodine into the body [25]. Iodine is also present in most multivitamin/mineral supplements.…”