Iodine deficiency status in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: a systematic review

Mohammadi, Masoumeh; Azizi, Fereidoun; Hedayati, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s10653-017-9911-z

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Several surveys among Egyptian children revealed that there is mild iodine deficiency in 60.6% of children and moderate to severe deficiency in 31.3%; the prevalence of goiter is higher in some regions such as South Sinai. 18 This is a community-based study that was conducted to determine the knowledge status, factors associated with knowledge and the utilization practices of women on iodized salt in Fayoum governorate. The use of iodized salt by individuals and households is the major approach in the control of iodine deficiency diseases worldwide 19 so; strengthening salt iodization program improving its monitoring is a crucial step to eradicate the problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodized salt, knowledge versus practice among females in Fayum governorate

2021

The Egypt. J. of Community Medicine

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Background:Iodine is observed as one of the most important trace elements in the human body, which is considered very essential during the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency in humans can cause several diseases or problems, which include spontaneous abortion, increased infant mortality, cretinism, goiter, and mental defects. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and practices of women toward the iodized salt. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was conducted using a pre-tested structured interview questionnaire. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select the study population which was 1789 women. Results: 55.4% of women reported a good knowledge score. Residence, history of thyroid disease, increasing level of education, and hearing about iodized salt were the significant predictors associated with good knowledge with odds ratios of 1.116, 2.405, 4.344 and 11.872 respectively. Conclusion: Although most of our studied participants (87.1%) were using iodized salt, however knowledge about iodine and iodized salt was not satisfactory and many of the participants had improper practices related to the iodized salt usage

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodized salt, knowledge versus practice among females in Fayum governorate

2021

The Egypt. J. of Community Medicine

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“…The status of nutritional iodine could be influenced by numerous factors in reproductive age women [36][37][38]. Herein, the risk of developing iodine deficiency was highest during the first trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine adequacy in reproductive age women living in the Western region of Saudi Arabia

Azzeh

Refaat

2019

Preprint

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Background Despite the significance of iodine deficiency in women of reproductive age due its associated serious maternal and foetal complications, surveys related to this vulnerable population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are lacking. This study, therefore, aimed to measure the frequency alongside the potential socioeconomic factors contributing towards iodine inadequacy in Saudi women of childbearing age from the Western province of KSA.Methods Urinary iodine concentrations IUIC) were measured in random spot samples collected from 1222 pregnant women and 400 age-matched non-pregnant/non-lactating women. The socioeconomic characteristics were obtained through a structured questionnaire. The classification of iodine sufficiency was based on the WHO criteria for UIC in pregnant (150–249 μg/L) and non-pregnant women (100–199 μg/L).Results The UIC median in the non-pregnant women (101.64 μg/L; IQR: 73.72) was at the lowest WHO recommended cut-off. The pregnant women, on the other hand, had a median UIC (112.99 μg/L; IQR: 104.56) markedly below the minimal WHO limit for pregnancy. Coherently, the median IUC was below adequacy across the trimesters and was lowest during the first trimester. Additionally, 49.7% (n = 199) of the non-pregnant and 62.5% (n = 764) of pregnant women were iodine deficient as per the WHO criteria. While pregnancy (OR = 4.3; 95%CI: 3.08–5.96) and using non-iodised salt (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.35–2.83) significantly increased the risk of iodine deficiency, the intake of iodine supplements significantly lowered the risk (OR = 0.010; 95%CI: 0.006–0.017). On the other hand, the intake of iodine above requirement was observed in 8.5% and 4.2% of the non-pregnant and pregnant women, respectively. Moreover, BMI was the sole independent factor increasing the odds (OR = 1.061; 95%CI: 1.010–1.114) of taking iodine above requirements.Conclusions This study is the first to show high prevalence of mild iodine deficiency among reproductive age Saudi women, which could represent a serious public health problem. This study also advocates the necessity to establish routine iodine dietary advice services by the health authorities to foster adequate iodine intake in pregnant women to avoid the perilous maternal-foetal health consequences of iodine deficiency.

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“…The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is classified as an area with minimal iodine-deficiency with rate of households using iodized salt around 6% and a median urinary iodine excretion of 100 μg/l. Therefore, a high prevalence of thyroid malignancy is not unexpected [4][5][6][7]. Thyroid malignancy is the most common endocrine malignancy in the UAE, and papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type of thyroid cancer [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid malignancy among patients with thyroid nodules in the united arab emirates: A five-year retrospective tertiary centre analysis

Alseddeeqi¹

2020

EJEA

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Objectives: Thyroid malignancy constitutes the sixth common cancer type in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). There are no epidemiological data outlining the prevalence of cancer in thyroid nodules, nor previous analysis of ultra-sonographic features correlating with thyroid malignancy in the UAE. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of thyroid malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules and to describe the ultra-sonographic characteristics of thyroid nodules harbouring malignancy. Methods: A retrospective electronic medical records review of all thyroid nodules in patients (aged 18 to 80 years) with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, who underwent ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (UG-FNA) at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City (SKMC) during 2011-2015. Results: 436 patients with normal TSH underwent UG-FNA cytological examination of thyroid nodules (n = 555 nodules). The overall crude prevalence of thyroid cancer among patients was 10.1% (95% CI 7.5-13.3). The ageadjusted prevalence of thyroid cancer among UAE nationals, Arabs, Far East Asians, and Caucasians were 9.6% (3.6-15.6), 10.0% (6.2-13.8), 16.8% (4.5-29.0) and 16.3% (1.7-30.9), respectively. The crude prevalence was 14.5%(95% CI 6. 2-22.8) in men, and 9.3%(95% CI 6.3-12.2) in women. The echogenicity features were significantly different between the cancerous and noncancerous nodules (p = 0.025). Cancerous nodules were relatively more hyper-and hypo-echoic, while noncancerous nodules were mostly complex. Conclusion: We report a higher prevalence of thyroid malignancy among patients with thyroid nodules relative to that reported in other parts of the world. The rate of thyroid malignancy was higher in patients of Far-East Asian and Caucasian ethnic background.

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Iodine deficiency status in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: a systematic review

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Iodized salt, knowledge versus practice among females in Fayum governorate

Iodized salt, knowledge versus practice among females in Fayum governorate

Iodine adequacy in reproductive age women living in the Western region of Saudi Arabia

Thyroid malignancy among patients with thyroid nodules in the united arab emirates: A five-year retrospective tertiary centre analysis

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