Heteroatom
doping and heterostructure construction are the key
methods to improve the performance of electrocatalysts. However, developing
such catalysts remains a challenging task. Herein, we designed two
comparable polymers, phytic acid/thiourea polymer (PATP) and phytic
acid/urea polymer (PAUP), as precursors, which contain C, N, S/O,
and P by microwave heating. To pinpoint how the introduction of sulfur
would affect the electronic structure and catalytic activity, these
two polymers were physically blended with CoCo-Prussian blue analogue
(CoCo-PBA) and further calcination, respectively. The highly dispersed
CoP/Co2P-rich interfacial catalysts anchored on the N,S-codoped
or N-doped carbon support were successfully prepared (CoP/Co2P@CNS and CoP/Co2P@CN). The prepared CoP/Co2P@CNS catalyst showed good ORR properties (E
1/2 = 0.856 V vs RHE) and OER properties (E
j10 = 1.54 V vs RHE), which were superior
to the commercial Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts. The reversible
oxygen electrode index (ΔE = E
j10 – E
1/2) can reach ∼0.684 V. Meanwhile, the rechargeable zinc–air
battery assembled with a CoP/Co2P@CNS catalyst as the air
cathode also showed excellent performance, with a charge–discharge
cycle stability of up to 900 h. DFT calculations further confirm that
the introduction of S atoms can affect the electronic structure and
enhance the catalytic activity of C and N atoms on carbon support.