Iodine nutrition in pregnant women in the Oviedo area. Is iodine supplementation required?

Torre, Edelmiro Menéndez; Delgado, Elías; Artal, Antonio Rabal; Gutiérrez, Lorena Suárez; Caballero, María Galiana Rodríguez; Blanco, Jessica Ares; Naya, Lucía Díaz; Fernández, Juan Carlos Fernández

doi:10.1016/j.endoen.2014.07.004

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The studies conducted in Asturias (Menéndez et al, 2014) and Jaén (Santiago et al, 2013) report that, in cases where iodized salt consumption was observed during the year prior to pregnancy, adequate iodine nutrition was achieved without the need for iodine supplements. In a study conducted in Catalonia (Torres et al, 2017) the concomitance of iodized salt consumption and a daily dairy intake equal to or greater than 2 servings was also sufficient to achieve adequate iodine nutrition.…”

Section: Iodine Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study carried out by Torres et al (2020) shows how, independently, milk, iodized salt and iodine supplements favourably impact ioduria. Other studies report how iodized salt alone is able to achieve adequate ioduria levels (Santiago et al, 2013) (Menéndez et al, 2014) (Torres et al, 2017) (González-Martínez et al, 2021. It is also relevant that the consumption of iodized salt is done at least one year before pregnancy to ensure that the gland has good iodine stores at the beginning of pregnancy (Santiago et al, 2013).…”

Section: Risk Of Iodine Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) on the nutritional status of women of childbearing age, during pregnancy and lactation with respect to adequate iodine intake

Lesmes,

Perales,

Izquierdo

et al. 2023

EFS4

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Section: Iodine Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Of Iodine Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) on the nutritional status of women of childbearing age, during pregnancy and lactation with respect to adequate iodine intake

Lesmes,

Perales,

Izquierdo

et al. 2023

EFS4

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High prevalence of iodine deficiency in pregnant women living in adequate iodine area

Mioto

Monteiro

Camargo

et al. 2018

Endocrine Connections

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ObjectivesIodine deficiency during pregnancy is associated with obstetric and neonatal adverse outcomes. Serum thyroglobulin (sTg) and thyroid volume (TV) are optional tools to urinary iodine concentration (UIC) for defining iodine status. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the iodine status of pregnant women living in iodine-adequate area by spot UIC and correlation with sTg, TV and thyroid function.MethodsTwo hundred and seventy-three pregnant women were evaluated at three trimesters. All had no previous thyroid disease, no iodine supplementation and negative thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies. Thyroid function and sTg were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. TV was determined by ultrasonography; UIC was determined using a modified Sandell–Kolthoff method.ResultsMedian UIC was 146 µg/L, being 52% iodine deficient and only 4% excessive. TSH values were 1.50 ± 0.92, 1.50 ± 0.92 and 1.91 ± 0.96 mIU/L, respectively, in each trimester (P = 0.001). sTg did not change significantly during trimesters with median 11.2 ng/mL and only 3.3% had above 40 ng/mL. Mean TV was 9.3 ± 3.4 mL, which positively correlated with body mass index, but not with sTg. Only 4.5% presented with goitre.When pregnant women were categorized as iodine deficient (UIC < 150 µg/L), adequate (≥150 and <250 µg/L) and excessive (≥250 µg/L), sTg, thyroid hormones and TV at each trimester showed no statistical differences.ConclusionsIodine deficiency was detected frequently in pregnant women living in iodine-adequate area. sTg concentration and TV did not correlate to UIC. Our observation also demonstrated that the Brazilian salt-iodization programme prevents deficiency, but does not maintain iodine status within adequate and recommended ranges for pregnant women.

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Iodine Supplementation in Mildly Iodine-Deficient Pregnant Women Does Not Improve Maternal Thyroid Function or Child Development: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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Background: Iodine deficiency during pregnancy may be associated with lower offspring IQ, but there are few data on the safety and efficacy of maternal iodine supplementation on child development. In a previously reported multi-center randomized trial conducted in Thailand and India, we assessed the effect of iodine supplementation in mildly iodine-deficient pregnant women on offspring development. In this secondary analysis of that trial, we report data only from the Thai pregnant women in the study, who were more iodine deficient at entry. Methods: Pregnant women in Bangkok, Thailand, were randomized to receive daily 200 μg oral iodine or placebo until delivery. We assessed thyroid size and thyroid function during pregnancy and cognitive and motor development at ages 1, 2, and 5.7 years. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov/NCT00791466 . Findings: Women ( n = 514) entered the trial between November 2008 and March 2011 at a mean ± SD gestational age of 11 ± 2.8 weeks; their median (IQR) UIC was 112 (75, 170) μg/L. Mean compliance with supplementation was 88%. We assessed 397 mothers in the 3rd trimester, 231 infants at age 2 y, and 157 children at mean age 5.7 y. During pregnancy, there was a slightly greater decrease in free and total thyroxine concentrations in the iodine group ( p < 0.05). At age 2 years, the iodine group had borderline lower scores for combined fine and gross motor function ( p = 0.05), but there were no other significant differences in development. At 5.7 years, there were no significant group differences in child development. Conclusion: Daily iodine supplementation in mildly iodine deficient pregnant women was associated with small negative effects on maternal thyroxine concentrations, but did not affect child development. The safety and efficacy of iodine supplementation in mildly-iodine deficient pregnant women needs to be evaluated further in large randomized controlled trials.

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Iodine nutrition in pregnant women in the Oviedo area. Is iodine supplementation required?

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) on the nutritional status of women of childbearing age, during pregnancy and lactation with respect to adequate iodine intake

Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) on the nutritional status of women of childbearing age, during pregnancy and lactation with respect to adequate iodine intake

High prevalence of iodine deficiency in pregnant women living in adequate iodine area

Iodine Supplementation in Mildly Iodine-Deficient Pregnant Women Does Not Improve Maternal Thyroid Function or Child Development: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

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