Iodine speciation and partitioning in PWR steam generator accidents

Beahm, E.C.; Daish, S.R.; Hopenfeld, J.; Shockley, W.E.; Voilleque, P.G.

doi:10.2172/5433755

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…After hour 3, there is a loss of I 2 concentration, attributed to the known high volatility of iodine species under acidic conditions, as confirmed by conducting an open system experiment (Figure S2). ,, Additionally, this can be attributed to the main sorptive species of iodine onto mineralogical surfaces being I – and IO 3 – , rather than I 2 , which is most likely to incorporate into organic matter . Of these four minerals, the only one that was capable of producing IO 3 – was δ-MnO 2 , with 9.3 ± 0.9% formed by hour 5 (Figure c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The most common forms of iodine in the environment are iodide (I – , −1 oxidation state), elemental iodine (I 2 , 0 oxidation state), and iodate (IO 3 – , + 5 oxidation state) . I – is unable to sorb onto natural substrates, causing it to be highly mobile; IO 3 – is capable of sorbing onto mineral surfaces, as well as incorporate into minerals; I 2 is also able to sorb onto natural substrates, but it can also react with organic matter, or volatilize into the atmosphere. − This indicates that the mobility of iodine in the environment is contingent upon its oxidation state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transformations and Speciation of Iodine in the Environment as a Result of Oxidation by Manganese Minerals

Szlamkowicz

Fentress

Longen

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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The fate and transport of iodine in the environment is contingent upon the presence of manganese oxides and the geochemical controls they exert. The oxidation of iodide by manganese oxides, mainly α-Mn 2 O 3 , was studied in the pH range 4−6. In the case of α-Mn 2 O 3 , the oxidation of iodide (I − ) was observed to stop at iodine (I 2 ), rather than fully oxidizing to iodate (IO 3 − ). The oxidation reaction followed an observed second order kinetics and increase of ionic strength incurred a decrease in the oxidation of I − to I 2 . Additionally, the calcium sorption on α-Mn 2 O 3 does not influence the oxidation of I − , indicating that cation sorption does not interfere with the sorption of I − at the anion vacancy active sites on the mineral surface. The formation of I 2 in aqueous systems is important as it may lead to different reaction pathways for the fate and transport of iodine in the environment, such as sorption of I 2 on natural substrates, as well as the volatilization of I 2 into the atmosphere, or the formation of iodinated organic compounds. The formation of I 2 from I − is most extensive under acidic conditions. The results of the present study indicate a strong geochemical control of manganese oxides over the oxidation and subsequent fate of iodine in the environment, which needs to be considered for studies related to iodine mobility or remediation of iodine impacted systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%