Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Ibrahim, Mohammed Dh; Sinn, John; McGuire, William

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005253.pub2

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, the trial was likely underpowered to assess a potential effect on neurodevelopment. A recent review concluded that the available data are insufficient to support supplementation of preterm infants with iodine (240). Moreover, although subgroup analyses in a single controlled trial suggested that T 4 replacement may prevent neurodevelopmental morbidity in extremely preterm infants (241), the overall data are insufficient to recommend prophylactic thyroid hormone treatment in preterm infants (242).…”

Section: A Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Deficiency

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iodine deficiency has multiple adverse effects in humans, termed iodine deficiency disorders, due to inadequate thyroid hormone production. Globally, it is estimated that 2 billion individuals have an insufficient iodine intake, and South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are particularly affected. However, about 50% of Europe remains mildly iodine deficient, and iodine intakes in other industrialized countries, including the United States and Australia, have fallen in recent years. Iodine deficiency during pregnancy and infancy may impair growth and neurodevelopment of the offspring and increase infant mortality. Deficiency during childhood reduces somatic growth and cognitive and motor function. Assessment methods include urinary iodine concentration, goiter, newborn TSH, and blood thyroglobulin. But assessment of iodine status in pregnancy is difficult, and it remains unclear whether iodine intakes are sufficient in this group, leading to calls for iodine supplementation during pregnancy in several industrialized countries. In most countries, the best strategy to control iodine deficiency in populations is carefully monitored universal salt iodization, one of the most cost-effective ways to contribute to economic and social development. Achieving optimal iodine intakes from iodized salt (in the range of 150-250 microg/d for adults) may minimize the amount of thyroid dysfunction in populations. Ensuring adequate iodine status during parenteral nutrition has become important, particularly in preterm infants, as the use of povidone-iodine disinfectants has declined. Introduction of iodized salt to regions of chronic iodine deficiency may transiently increase the incidence of thyroid disorders, but overall, the relatively small risks of iodine excess are far outweighed by the substantial risks of iodine deficiency.

show abstract

Section: A Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Deficiency

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, a Cochran review in 2008 concluded there were insignificant data to determine whether providing supplemental iodine in preterm infants prevents morbidity or mortality. 22 Our study was limited by its retrospective and cross-sectional nature. Tracking iodine levels and thyroid function over time would be significantly superior to assess changes in status over the period of PN initiation, maintenance, and eventual withdrawal in some cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Supplementation for Pediatric Patients Receiving Long‐Term Parenteral Nutrition

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

No patient in our cohort of 32 demonstrated thyroid dysfunction or developed iodine deficiency. The length of time on PN and the percentage of total nutrition intake as PN were not associated with iodine levels (P < .89 and P < .73, respectively). There were no significant associations between age (P < .342), clinical diagnosis (P < .46), or sex (P < .43) on iodine status. There were no incidences of abnormal iodine levels in our cohort. Our study suggests that pediatric patients older than 6 months receiving PN may not benefit from iodine supplementation, but further investigation is needed.

show abstract

“…In fact, as far as preterm babies are concerned, iodine deficiency could exacerbate transient hypothyroxinaemia and neither parenteral nutrition nor formula milk completely fulfill the iodine requirements. Nevertheless, there is no real evidence that iodine supplementation decrease morbidity or mortality in preterm babies [18]. …”

Section: Iodine Deficiency In the Newbornmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A research published on the Cochrane Database in 2006 [18] on randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials—compares a policy of supplementing enteral or parenteral feeding with iodine (more than 30 µg/kg/day) vs. placebo or no supplementation in preterm infants, concluding that there were no sufficient data to determine whether iodine supplementation could reduce mortality or morbidity in preterm babies. No clear data has shown as yet the benefits of prophylactic thyroid hormones in preterm infants, in order to reduce neonatal mortality, neonatal morbidity, or improve neurodevelopment outcomes so far [22]; a small number of infants enrolled in the tests that document this review does not allow to detect moderate, yet clinically important differences on the effects of thyroid hormone therapy in preterm infants.…”

Section: Iodine Deficiency In the Newbornmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Supplementation in the Newborn

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iodine deficiency can be defined as the world’s greatest single cause of preventable brain damage. Fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism, caused by iodine deficiency can be prevented prior to conception and then during pregnancy and lactation when an adequate iodine supplementation is ensured. Extremely low birth weight preterm babies risk having a negative iodine balance status in the first weeks of life, exacerbating the hypothyroxinaemia of the prematurity. It is important to ensure that these babies are provided with an adequate iodine intake from the first days of life. Mothers and newborns should avoid environmental iodine excess during pregnancy or lactation.

show abstract

Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Abstract: Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants (Review)

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Iodine Deficiency

Iodine Deficiency

Iodine Supplementation for Pediatric Patients Receiving Long‐Term Parenteral Nutrition

Iodine Supplementation in the Newborn

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About