Ion-activated in situ gelling ophthalmic delivery systems of azithromycin

Vijaya, C; Goud, K Swetha

doi:10.4103/0250-474x.100234

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…On the other hand, the films containing traditional viscosity enhancing agents, i.e., F-GG, F-XG, and F-Pectin display slower release; t 80 is about 26, 46, and 58 min, for F-GG, F-Pectin, and F-XG, respectively. These observations for the traditional viscosity enhancing agents are generally in agreement with literature findings[68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. Films containing gums or pectin swell upon contact with media, which creates a diffusion barrier for the drug release resulting in slower drug release.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Novel use of superdisintegrants as viscosity enhancing agents in biocompatible polymer films containing griseofulvin nanoparticles

et al. 2015

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The advantages of using superdisintegrants, sodium starch glycolate (SSG), croscarmellose sodium (CCS) and crospovidone (CP) over traditional high molecular weight (MW) viscosity enhancing agents, guar gum (GG), xanthan gum (XG), pectin and high MW HPMC are examined for improving drug content uniformity without compromising dissolution of films containing nanoparticles of griseofulvin (GF), used as a model poorly water-soluble drug. Films were fabricated by preparing low MW HPMC solutions to which a fixed amount of viscosity enhancing agents were added and mixed with GF nanosuspensions produced via wet milling, followed by casting and drying. The addition of superdisintegrants and high MW HPMC, led to an increase in viscosity of precursor suspensions without GF particle aggregation, and hence excellent drug content uniformity along with retention of the high surface area of the GF nanoparticles in dried films. In contrast, addition of XG and pectin resulted in aggregation of GF particles in suspensions, leading to poor content uniformity and incomplete recovery of GF nanoparticles upon redispersion of dried films. In spite of their high precursor viscosity, the films containing superdisintegrants did not lead to increased mechanical strength and demonstrated fast drug release, suggesting faster matrix erosion. In contrast, films with high MW polymers (GG, XG, and pectin and high MW HPMC) had increased mechanical strength and their subsequent slow erosion/disintegration along with longer hydration times resulted in significant delay of drug release, which was found to be directly proportional to their MW. These results demonstrate novel use for superdisintegrants as economical and superior alternative to traditional viscosity enhancing agents in forming drug laden biocompatible polymer films.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Novel use of superdisintegrants as viscosity enhancing agents in biocompatible polymer films containing griseofulvin nanoparticles

et al. 2015

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“…At time of instillation dosage form is in solution phase and soon later upon coming in contact with calcium ion with surrounding pH of 7.4 it turns into transparent gel depo. Thus, this type of formulation has benefit of both solutions as well gels they may improve the retention time of the formulation as well the drug, accuracy and ease of administration [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of in-situ gel for ophthalmic formulation containing ciprofloxacin hydrochloride

Makwana

Patel

Parmar

2016

Results in Pharma Sciences

159

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In situ gels are systems which are applied as solutions or suspensions and are capable of undergoing rapid sol-to-gel transformation triggered by external stimulus such as temperature, pH etc. on instillation. The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate pH responsive in-situ gel for ophthalmic delivery. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is popularly used as a broad spectrum antibiotic in the treatment of corneal ulcers of ocular infections. However, rapid dilution on instillation, wash out, poor retention of drug concentration delimit the therapeutic benefits of the drug when used in form of conventional eye drops. Sodium alginate, an ophthalmic gel forming mucoadhesive polymer was chosen as polymer which undergoes instantaneous gel formation due to formation of calcium alginate by virtue of its interaction with divalent cation (Ca+2) present in lachrymal fluid. Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC K4M and E5 0LV) was further incorporated as a viscosity enhancer in order to achieve the desired consistency so as to facilitate sustained drug release. The developed formulations were evaluated for clarity, pH measurement, gelling capacity, drug content, rheological study, and in vitro drug release. Thus, in situ gel based systems containing gums can be a valuable approach for ophthalmic drug delivery when compared to conventional systems.

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“…Pectins also gel in the presence of divalent cations and insitu gelling of pectin mediated by calcium ions in the lacrimal fluid has been reported in a US patent. Also in-situ gelling of pectin has been used to sustain drug delivery from formulations (e.g., acetaminophen, theophylline and cimetidine) 16 .…”

Section: Fig 2: Nanosphere Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2014

IJPSR

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Pharmaceutical semisolid preparations include ointments, pastes, cream, emulsions, gels, and rigid foams. They serve as carriers for drugs that are topically delivered by way of the skin, cornea, rectal tissue, nasal mucosa, vagina, buccal tissue, urethral membrane, and external ear lining. Semisolids can adhere to the application surface for sufficiently long periods before they are washed off. This property helps prolong drug delivery at the application site. Novel semisolids are non-greasy since they are made up of washable water bases. Hence they cause less irritation to skin and are superior to the conventional semisolid dosage form. Now a day, novel creams are available in the market provided with nanoparticles and microspheres. Similarly, novel gels are available, including microemulsion gel, bioadhesive gel, organogel, thermosensitive sol-gel, pH-responsive complexation gel, etc. Oleaginous ointments are preferred for dry, chapped skin in an environment of low humidity because of its occlusive properties. A semisolid is evaluated by the following parameters such as spreadability, extrudability, viscosity measurement of pH, drug content, rheological properties, etc. This article reviews the recent advances of semisolids as well as its evaluation. INTRODUCTION: Topical semisolid dosage forms are normally presented in the form of creams, gels, ointments, or pastes. They contain one or more active ingredients dissolved or uniformly dispersed in a suitable base and any suitable excipients such as emulsifiers, viscosity increasing agents, antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, or stabilizing agents. The choice of a base for semisolid dosage forms depends on many factors. The therapeutic effect desired the nature of the active ingredient at the site of action, the shelf life of the finished product, and the environmental conditions in which the product is intended to be administered.

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Ion-activated in situ gelling ophthalmic delivery systems of azithromycin

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Novel use of superdisintegrants as viscosity enhancing agents in biocompatible polymer films containing griseofulvin nanoparticles

Novel use of superdisintegrants as viscosity enhancing agents in biocompatible polymer films containing griseofulvin nanoparticles

Development and characterization of in-situ gel for ophthalmic formulation containing ciprofloxacin hydrochloride

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