Ion and temperature dependence of electrical conductance for natural waters

Sorensen, John A.; Glass, Gary E.

doi:10.1021/ac00140a003

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The exponent a depends on the ion species and decreases with the ionic strength of the solution. The reported values of a range between 0.8 and 0.97, except for H + and OH − ions, where a takes on significantly lower values [Sorensen and Glass, 1987;Hayashi, 2004]. Indeed, for a = 1 the Walden product equation (35) is recovered.…”

Section: Dependence On Temperaturementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nevertheless equation (34) does not account for Coulomb interactions between ions and the temperature dependence of the hydrodynamical radii. A semiempirical approach to take these effects into account is taken through a phenomenological modification of equation (35), as reported by Sorensen and Glass [1987]:…”

Section: Dependence On Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24] There are numerous other empirical formulations for the dependence of s f , s 0 , or b on temperature given in literature [e.g., Sorensen and Glass, 1987;Sen and Goode, 1992;Besson et al, 2008, and references therein], but these have been used less frequently than the above cited formulations.…”

Section: Dependence On Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dependence of spectral‐induced polarization response of sandstone on temperature and its relevance to permeability estimation

Zisser¹,

Kemna²,

Nover³

2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] The possibility to estimate permeability from the electrical spectral induced polarization (SIP) response might be the most important benefit offered by SIP measurements. It can thus be deduced that, in the future, SIP measurements will be carried out more frequently at the field scale or in a well-logging context to estimate permeability. In the shallow subsurface, however, the temperature generally exhibits seasonal variability, and in the deeper subsurface, it usually increases with depth. Hence, knowledge about the dependence of the SIP response on temperature is necessary in order to avoid possible misinterpretation of datasets impacted by thermal effects. In our study, we present a semiempirical framework to describe the temperature dependence of the SIP response. We briefly introduce the SIP response and its relation to permeability in terms of an electrochemical polarization mechanism and combine this formulation with relationships for the dependence of ionic mobility on temperature. We compare the predictions of our formulation with the experimental data from SIP measurements performed on sandstone at temperatures from 0°C to 80°C. The measured SIP response was transformed into a relaxation time distribution, using the empirical Cole-Cole model and a regularized Debye decomposition procedure. The SIP response was found to be in good agreement with the theoretical model. The temperature dependence of both direct current conductivity and relaxation time is controlled mainly by the dependence of ionic mobility on temperature, and the shape of the relaxation time distribution of the investigated sandstone is almost independent of temperature. The temperature effect on the SIP response can therefore be easily corrected.Citation: Zisser, N., A. Kemna, and G. Nover (2010), Dependence of spectral-induced polarization response of sandstone on temperature and its relevance to permeability estimation,

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Section: Dependence On Temperaturementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Dependence On Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dependence of spectral‐induced polarization response of sandstone on temperature and its relevance to permeability estimation

Zisser¹,

Kemna²,

Nover³

2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The formula is based on a formulation in Sorensen & Glass (1987) in combination with the temperature dependent viscosity of water in Korson et al (1969). It yields reliable values up to 30…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of rotational invariants for the interpretation of marine CSEM data with a case study from the North Alex mud volcano, West Nile Delta

Hölz¹,

Swidinsky²,

Sommer³

et al. 2015

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YSubmarine mud volcanos at the seafloor are surface expressions of fluid flow systems within the seafloor. Since the electrical resistivity of the seafloor is mainly determined by the amount and characteristics of fluids contained within the sediment's pore space, electromagnetic methods offer a promising approach to gain insight into a mud volcano's internal resistivity structure. To investigate this structure, we conducted a controlled source electromagnetic experiment, which was novel in the sense that the source was deployed and operated with a remotely operated vehicle, which allowed for a flexible placement of the transmitter dipole with two polarization directions at each transmitter location. For the interpretation of the experiment, we have adapted the concept of rotational invariants from land-based electromagnetics to the marine case by considering the source normalized tensor of horizontal electric field components. We analyse the sensitivity of these rotational invariants in terms of 1-D models and measurement geometries and associated measurement errors, which resemble the experiment at the mud volcano. The analysis shows that any combination of rotational invariants has an improved parameter resolution as compared to the sensitivity of the pure radial or azimuthal component alone. For the data set, which was acquired at the 'North Alex' mud volcano, we interpret rotational invariants in terms of 1-D inversions on a common midpoint grid. The resulting resistivity models show a general increase of resistivities with depth. The most prominent feature in the stitched 1-D sections is a lens-shaped interface, which can similarly be found in a section from seismic reflection data. Beneath this interface bulk resistivities frequently fall in a range between 2.0 and 2.5 m towards the maximum penetration depths. We interpret the lens-shaped interface as the surface of a collapse structure, which was formed at the end of a phase of activity of an older mud volcano generation and subsequently refilled with new mud volcano sediments during a later stage of activity. Increased resistivities at depth cannot be explained by compaction alone, but instead require a combination of compaction and increased cementation of the older sediments, possibly in connection to trapped, cooled down mud volcano fluids, which have a depleted chlorinity. At shallow depths (≤50 m) bulk resistivities generally decrease and for locations around the mud volcano's centre 1-D models show bulk resistivities in a range between 0.5 and 0.7 m, which we interpret in terms of gas saturation levels by means of Archie's Law. After a detailed analysis of the material parameters contained in Archie's Law we derive saturation levels between 0 and 25 per cent, which is in accordance with observations of active degassing and a reflector with negative polarity in the seismics section just beneath the seafloor, which is indicative of free gas.

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“…The temperature of electrolyte solution also influences electrical conductivity (Hayashi, 2004). When the temperature change is in the range of 0-30 ºC, the conductivity 2 at temperature T r is approximated into a linear relationship as expressed in Equation (2) (Sorensen and Glass, 1987) with respect to initial conductivity 0 at temperature T 0 (normally 25 ºC), where k is called temperature coefficient to compensate the effect of temperature on conductivity.…”

Section: Temperature Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online conductivity calibration methods for EIT gas/oil in water flow measurement

Jia

Wang

Faraj

et al. 2015

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation

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Ion and temperature dependence of electrical conductance for natural waters

Cited by 67 publications

References 8 publications

Dependence of spectral‐induced polarization response of sandstone on temperature and its relevance to permeability estimation

Dependence of spectral‐induced polarization response of sandstone on temperature and its relevance to permeability estimation

The use of rotational invariants for the interpretation of marine CSEM data with a case study from the North Alex mud volcano, West Nile Delta

Online conductivity calibration methods for EIT gas/oil in water flow measurement

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