Ion Beam Analysis for the provenance attribution of lapis lazuli used in glyptic art: The case of the “Collezione Medicea”

Re, Alessandro; Angelici, D.; Giudice, A. Lo; Corsi, Jacopo; Allegretti, Silvia; Biondi, A.F.; Gariani, Gianluca; Calusi, S.; Gelli, N.; Giuntini, L.; Massi, M.; Taccetti, F.; Torre, L. La; Rigato, V.; Pratesi, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2014.11.060

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, results obtained on some crystals were compared with µ-PIXE analyzes carried out on the same samples and reported in previous works (Re et al, 2011(Re et al, , 2013(Re et al, , 2015Lo Giudice et al, 2012). Furthermore, results obtained on some crystals were compared with µ-PIXE analyzes carried out on the same samples and reported in previous works (Re et al, 2011(Re et al, , 2013(Re et al, , 2015Lo Giudice et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…µ-PIXE measurements were carried out at the Italian laboratory INFN-LNL AN2000 in-vacuum microbeam facility (2 MeV proton beam) (Bollini et al, 1993) and all the obtained results were gathered and reported in previous works (Re et al, 2011(Re et al, , 2013(Re et al, , 2015. µ-PIXE measurements were carried out at the Italian laboratory INFN-LNL AN2000 in-vacuum microbeam facility (2 MeV proton beam) (Bollini et al, 1993) and all the obtained results were gathered and reported in previous works (Re et al, 2011(Re et al, , 2013(Re et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way we obtained an appreciable characterization of these rocks, but since the ultimate goal is analysis of archeological findings and artworks made with lapis lazuli using a completely non-invasive approach, we developed a protocol based on extracted-ion beam analyses (IBA) techniques [mainly micro proton-induced X-ray emission (µ-PIXE) and micro IonoLuminescence (µ-IL)] (Re et al, 2011(Re et al, , 2013(Re et al, , 2015Lo Giudice et al, 2012).To extend the possibilities and to test new facilities, we implemented this protocol employing the micro X-ray fluorescence technique (µ-XRF). In this way we obtained an appreciable characterization of these rocks, but since the ultimate goal is analysis of archeological findings and artworks made with lapis lazuli using a completely non-invasive approach, we developed a protocol based on extracted-ion beam analyses (IBA) techniques [mainly micro proton-induced X-ray emission (µ-PIXE) and micro IonoLuminescence (µ-IL)] (Re et al, 2011(Re et al, , 2013(Re et al, , 2015Lo Giudice et al, 2012).To extend the possibilities and to test new facilities, we implemented this protocol employing the micro X-ray fluorescence technique (µ-XRF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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µ-XRF Analysis of Trace Elements in Lapis Lazuli-Forming Minerals for a Provenance Study

et al. 2015

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This paper presents new developments on the provenance study of lapis lazuli started by our group in 2008: during the years a multi-technique approach has been exploited to obtain minero-petrographic characterization and creation of a database considering only rock samples of known provenance. Since the final aim of the study is to develop a method to analyze archeological findings and artworks made with lapis lazuli in a completely non-invasive way, ion beam analysis techniques were employed to trace the provenance of the raw material used for the production of artifacts. Continuing this goal and focusing the analysis on determination of more significant minero-chemical markers for the provenance study of trace elements in different minerals, the method was extended with the use of micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF), to test the potential of the technique for this application. The analyzes were focused on diopside and pyrite in lapis lazuli samples of known provenance (Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Siberia). In addition, µ-XRF data were compared with micro proton-induced X-ray emission (µ-PIXE) results to verify the agreement between the two databases and to compare the analytical performance of both techniques for this application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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µ-XRF Analysis of Trace Elements in Lapis Lazuli-Forming Minerals for a Provenance Study

et al. 2015

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“…In this sample, the features of an Afghan provenance of the rock are evident, i.e. the high content in titanium and vanadium and the low quantity of strontium [26]. Recently, to increase the markers, the trace element analysis by means of µ-PIXE was extended to other mineralogical phases in addition to diopside and pyrite, in particular to calcite and feldspar that are easily recognizable in a lapis lazuli by means of their ionoluminescence properties.…”

Section: Lapis Lazulimentioning

confidence: 96%

“…On the basis of the markers found, a protocol was established [25] in which the luminescence properties and the quantification of trace elements in pyrite and diopside crystals play a crucial role in the provenance determination of lapis lazuli. The protocol was successfully applied on historical and archaeological objects from Medici's Collection (16 th -18 th century) and from Ancient Egypt (first millennium BC) [25], [26]. It is not the aim of this paper to report all the markers of the protocol, but as an example diopside crystals of the Afghanistan rocks show higher quantity of titanium (> 710 ppm) or vanadium (>210 ppm) or chromium (>220 ppm) than Tajik samples or a strong ionoluminescence band at about 770 nm.…”

Section: Lapis Lazulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Microbeam Analysis in Cultural Heritage: application to lapis lazuli and ancient coins

Giudice

Angelici

et al. 2017

ACTA IMEKO

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<p class="Abstract">Ion Beam Analyses (IBA) techniques, for example PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) and IL (IonoLuminescence), are a powerful analytical tool used to investigate the composition and structure of materials in cultural heritage. These techniques could be applied both in vacuum preparing the sample as in electron microscopy and in the air in a non-invasive way allowing to analyse artworks of practically any shape and dimension without sample preparation. Moreover the use of a focused beam (microbeam) permits to reach an analysis resolution of few micrometers in vacuum and ten micrometers in air.</p>In this work, instruments and methodologies are described and two examples of case study are reported: I) the mapping of elemental distribution in ancient roman coins; II) the trace elements measurement in lapis lazuli for provenance determination

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Surface characterization of medieval silver coins minted by the early Piasts: FT‐IR mapping and SEM/EDX studies

Pięta

Lekki

Hoyo‐Meléndez

et al. 2017

Surface & Interface Analysis

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An investigation of a numismatic collection of silver denarii from the early Piast dynasty was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The studied coins, minted between 995 and 1020 AD under the rules of Boleslaus the Brave and Mieszko II Lambert, belong to the collection of the National Museum in Kraków. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy imaging and mapping have been used for recording a visual image of the surface chemistry based on vibrational spectra and accurately representing the distribution of chemical compounds, respectively. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray analysis was used to study the surface topography of the coins and characterize their elemental composition. Differences in the distribution of the identified chemical compounds were detected in heterogeneous areas of the denarii. Corrosion effects, associated to many factors including the alloy composition, the metallographic structure, the manufacturing processes, and the environment were also observed and identified. KEYWORDSBoleslaus the Brave, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR, numismatic studies, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, SEM/EDX, silver coins 1 | INTRODUCTION Nowadays, due to the need for high sensitivity, reliability and nondestructiveness, several analytical methods are continuously been developed to study cultural heritage objects, including numismatic collections. Vibrational spectroscopy methods (infrared absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and ion beam analysis techniques (particle-induced X-ray emission [PIXE], particle-induced γ-ray emission, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry) are the most commonly used in this area and allow for high sensitivity and reliable identification. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] These kinds of studies are useful to enrich the discussion on many historical aspects, such as coinage production, provenance of raw materials, forgeries, and conservation treatments. [16][17][18][19][20] In the previously published paper, we have already described the voltammetry of immobilized particles study of a series of 20 denarii from Boleslaus the Brave and Mieszko II Lambert. 21 The analytical results can offer complementary information to archaeologists, art historians, and conservation professionals, interested in finding a correlation between the chemical composition of the coins and their historical, economical, and political aspects.Additionally, numismatic objects have a higher survival rate in comparison to other types of historic artifacts. Therefore, in the last few years there has been an increasing interest in the field of physicochemical analysis of historic coins. However, the analysis can be difficult because of chemical changes and corrosion processes caused by different human and natural factors, which noticeably alter the surface composition of the objects. 22,23 In a previous paper, 16 XRF analysis was performed...

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Ion Beam Analysis for the provenance attribution of lapis lazuli used in glyptic art: The case of the “Collezione Medicea”

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

µ-XRF Analysis of Trace Elements in Lapis Lazuli-Forming Minerals for a Provenance Study

µ-XRF Analysis of Trace Elements in Lapis Lazuli-Forming Minerals for a Provenance Study

Ion Microbeam Analysis in Cultural Heritage: application to lapis lazuli and ancient coins

Surface characterization of medieval silver coins minted by the early Piasts: FT‐IR mapping and SEM/EDX studies

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