Ion bombardment effects in polymers

Surface free energy analysis for bipolar pulsed argon plasma treated polymer films

“…Polymers have been applied successfully in the fields such as adhesion [1][2][3], biomaterials [4,5], protective coatings, friction and wear-resistant composites, microelectronic devices [6] and thin film technology. Polymeric materials have been able to replace traditional engineering materials like metals and glass because of their high strength to weight ratio, resistance to corrosion, possibility of recycling and their relatively low cost.…”

Nano-embossed structure on polypropylene induced by low energy Ar ion beam irradiation

“…The high-energy ion irradiation induces ionization and excitation of the polymer molecules, which leads to different reactions between the excited and ionized species and creates more unsaturated sites involving conjugation or double bonds [18]. The Ar ion beam irradiation increased the formation of carbon double bonds (as confirmed by FTIR) and the carbon and hydrogen ratios and generated several carbon-enriched clusters in the polymer matrix (as confirmed by Raman analysis).…”

“…The ion irradiation is known to produce a very high temperature (transient thermal spike) for a short time (∼ pico-second) along the ion path. The high temperature generation along the ion path leads to the breaking of different bonds and the release of hydrogen from the polymer, which results in the chain-scission of the C-H bonds to form hydrogen free radicals that cross-link with each other [18]. The Raman analysis showed that amorphous carbon formed as an sp 2 and sp 3 hybridized mixture in the ion treated PP.…”

Quantification of dose in plasma immersion ion implantation of polymer bone scaffolds: Probe diagnostics of a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge

“…UV absorption has been used for the detection of impurities and material modification caused by ion beams in polymers. 17,18 UV absorption in carbon-based polymers is associated with conjugation that occurs due to an overlap of p orbitals between molecules causing delocalisation of electrons. 19 In undamaged PP, there is no overlap of p orbitals and the absorption in the UV range above 200 nm is weak.…”