Ion concentration polarization and its application in molecular preconcentration in micro-nanofluidic systems

Electrokinetic flows near ion-selective membranes, which produce field amplification and electrokinetic preconcentration, have broad application in preconcentration engineering since almost all electrochemical chips live in saline surroundings. Despite some published work related to electrokinetic molecular concentration, the electrokinetic trapping pattern has not yet been investigated in previous experimental and theoretical studies. By finite element simulations, the paper is concerned with the transition behavior of the trapping pattern in a membrane-embedded microfluidic channel. Regulating the cross-membrane voltage, Debye number, and surface charge, the local interaction of electric field force and electroosmotic flow distorts the trapping location, resulting in the realization of a series of trapping patterns switches. We find the transition behavior of the trapping pattern in a membrane-embedded microfluidic channel, from a plateau preconcentration plug outside the vortex to a plug with a Gaussian-like distribution and even to a final spike-like pattern of stagnation points inside the vortex. For a small Debye number, the trapping patterns are characterized by stagnation points, an electrokinetic preconcentration pattern formed inside the vortex, and a concentration with spike-like shapes. Upon increasing the cross-membrane voltage and surface charge, the effect of local vortices can modulate the scaling behavior of enrichment factors at the stagnation points, yet the platform preconcentration plug is basically consistent with the existing experimental observations. These intriguing phenomenological patterns have promising applications in separation, desalination, and electrochemistry.

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Ion concentration polarization and its application in molecular preconcentration in micro-nanofluidic systems

Abstract: A new micro programmable blazed grating (µPBG) and its application to multispectral imaging Chinese Science Bulletin 55, 1112 (2010); Development and applications of the ABEEM fluctuating charge molecular force field in the ion-containing systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Numerical simulation of electrokinetic desalination using microporous permselective membranes

Numerical simulation of electrokinetic desalination using microporous permselective membranes

Numerical simulation of continuous extraction of highly concentrated Li+ from high Mg2+/Li+ ratio brines in an ion concentration polarization-based microfluidic system

An electrokinetic preconcentration trapping pattern in electromembrane microfluidics

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