Ion density variation at upper ionosphere during thunderstorm

Mangla, Bindu; Sharma, Dinesh K.; Rajput, Anupama

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.039

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nowadays increasing and emerging evidences are pointing to the close link between the upper atmosphere (e.g., the positive plate) and lower atmosphere (e.g., the negative plate) [Harrison et al, 2010;Rycroft, 2006]. For example, thunderstorm occurring in the lower atmosphere is suggested to have a direct impact on the ES layer based on recent observational results [Bortnik et al, 2006;Christos, 2018;Cummer et al, 2009;Curtius et al, 2006;Davis and Johnson, 2005;Davis and Lo, 2008;England et al, 2006;Fukunishi et al, 1996;Girish and Eapen, 2008;Haldoupis et al, 2012;Immel et al, 2013;Kumar et al, 2009;Kuo and Lee, 2015;Lay et al, 2015;Mangla et al, 2016;Maruyama, 2006;Pasko et al, 2002;Rodger et al, 2001;Rycroft, 2006;Sátori et al, 2013;Sentman and Wescott, 1995;Shao et al, 2013;Sharma et al, 2004;Su et al, 2003;Surkov et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2015] or even the sodium layer [Yu et al, 2017]. The possible carriers or phenomena connecting the thunderstorm to the upper atmosphere are suggested to be atmospheric tides [England et al, 2006;Haldoupis et al, 2004;Immel et al, 2013], planetary waves [Lv et al, 2004], gravity waves [Davis and Johnson, 2005;Kumar et al, 2009;Lay et al, 2015;Shao et al, 2013], transient luminous event (TLEs) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporadic sodium layer: A possible tracer for the conjunction between the upper and lower atmospheres

Qiu¹,

Wang²,

Soon³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. In this research, we reveal the inter-connection between lightning strokes, reversal of the electric field, ionospheric disturbances, and a trigger of sporadic sodium layer event (NaS), based on the joint observations by three lidars, an ionosonde, an atmospheric electric mill, a fluxgate magnetometer, and World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). Our results suggest that lightning strokes would probably have an influence on the ionosphere and thus give rise to the occurrence of NaS, with the overturning of electric field playing an important role. Statistical results reveal that the sporadic E layers (ES) could hardly be formed or maintained when the atmospheric electric field turns upward. A conjunction between the lower and upper atmospheres could be established by these inter-connected phenomena, and the key processes could be suggested as follows: lightning strokes→overturning of electric field→different collisional frequencies for ions and electrons→depletion of ES/generation of NaS.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporadic sodium layer: A possible tracer for the conjunction between the upper and lower atmospheres

Qiu¹,

Wang²,

Soon³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Nowadays increasing and emerging evidence is pointing to the close link between the upper atmosphere (e.g., the positive plate) and lower atmosphere (e.g., the negative plate) (Harrison et al, 2010;Rycroft, 2006). For example, a thunderstorm occurring in the lower atmosphere is suggested to have a direct impact on the E S layer based on recent observational results (Bortnik et al, 2006;Christos, 2018;Cummer et al, 2009;Curtius et al, 2006;Davis and Johnson, 2005;Davis and Lo, 2008;England et al, 2006;Fukunishi et al, 1996;Girish and Eapen, 2008;Haldoupis et al, 2012;Immel et al, 2013;Kumar et al, 2009;Kuo and Lee, 2015;Lay et al, 2015;Mangla et al, 2016;Maruyama, 2006;Pasko et al, 2002;Rodger et al, 2001;Rycroft, 2006;Sátori et al, 2013;Sentman and Wescott, 1995;Shao et al, 2013;Sharma et al, 2004;Su et al, 2003;Surkov et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2015) or even on the sodium layer (Yu et al, 2017). The possible carriers or phenomena connecting the thunderstorm to the upper atmosphere are suggested to be atmospheric tides (England et al, 2006;Haldoupis et al, 2004;Immel et al, 2013), planetary waves (Lv et al, 2004), gravity waves (Davis and Johnson, 2005;Kumar et al, 2009;Lay et al, 2015;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sporadic sodium layer: a possible tracer for the conjunction between the upper and lower atmospheres

Qiu

Wang

Soon³

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. In this research, we reveal the inter-connection between lightning strokes, reversal of the electric field, ionospheric disturbances, and a sodium layer (NaS), based on the joint observations by a temperature/wind (T/W, where the slash means “and”) lidar, an ionosonde, an atmospheric electric mill, a fluxgate magnetometer, and the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). Our results suggest that lightning strokes could trigger or amplify the formation of an NaS layer in a descending sporadic E layer (ES), through a mechanism that involves the overturning of the electric field. A conjunction between the lower and upper atmospheres could be established as follows by these inter-connected phenomena, and the key processes could be suggested to be: lightning strokes → overturning of the electric field → ES generating NaS.

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“…The separation of charges in the thundercloud may eventually produce an electric field that becomes so large (around 3 × 10 5 ∼ 4 × 10 5 V m −1 ) that it could initiate the lightning stroke [5]. One fact agreed by most of researchers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] is the contribution of intense lightning discharges to the global electric circuit (GEC). The substantial role of the lightning and thunderstorm in GEC would justify the need to investigate the charge structure of thunderclouds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lorentz Force Contribution to Thunderstorm's Electrical Characteristics

Sadeghi¹,

Akmal²,

Taghavi³

2021

PIER B

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In this paper, the exerted electric and geomagnetic forces on the electrified hydrometeors in thunderclouds are compared. The parameters of geomagnetic field are acquired from International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model. First, the calculations showed that the magnitude of the electric force exerted on a charged hydrometeor dominated the magnitude of the geomagnetic force in troposphere. These results revealed the significance of electric force in the formation of thunderclouds' charge structure. Moreover, as the electric field increases in thunderstorm conditions, (regarding the dependence of the induction mechanism of cloud electrification to the intensity of the electric field), the increased electric field strengthens the induction mechanism of cloud electrification and influences the electrical properties of thunderstorm. Second, using satellite-based/ground-based data and reports, an inverse relation has been revealed between the total geomagnetic field and the mean annual lightning activity in most of the hot spots on the Earth. Moreover, a comparison between the global annual thunder days' map and the map of global total geomagnetic field showed an inverse relation between these two maps. Furthermore, regarding the horizontal and vertical correlation coefficient matrices of the geomagnetic field and the global mean annual lightning activity (in the global tropics and subtropics), approximately in latitudes and longitudes with high lightning density, the reverse relation between the average annual lightning activity and the total geomagnetic field is stronger.

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Ion density variation at upper ionosphere during thunderstorm

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Sporadic sodium layer: A possible tracer for the conjunction between the upper and lower atmospheres

Sporadic sodium layer: A possible tracer for the conjunction between the upper and lower atmospheres

The sporadic sodium layer: a possible tracer for the conjunction between the upper and lower atmospheres

Lorentz Force Contribution to Thunderstorm's Electrical Characteristics

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