Ion diffusion at the bonding interface of undoped YAG/Yb:YAG composite ceramics

Fujioka, Kana; Sugiyama, A.; Fujimoto, Yasushi; Kawanaka, Junji; Miyanaga, Noriaki

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2015.05.023

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As indicated, the experimental result is well fitted with Fick's second law in the region near the interface between the core layer and the cladding layer, and only the tail of the curve differs for the reason that the result cannot distinguish the bulk diffusion and the grain‐boundary diffusion. However, the bulk diffusion coefficient can still be calculated since that the bulk diffusion is dominant around the interface . The bulk diffusion coefficient of Yb ions for the prepared ceramic is calculated to be 2.43 × 10 −15 m 2 /s, which shows a qualitative agreement with the reported data …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The grain‐boundary diffusion coefficient of Yb ions for the prepared ceramic is calculated to be 2.15 × 10 −9 m 2 /s. In addition, the D gb is approximately 6 orders of magnitude higher than that of the D v which is one order greater in magnitude than that of the reported data . This phenomenon may be attributed to the silica addition, which will enhance the diffusivity of Yb ions by forming the vacancy defects (ie,

V_{normalY}^{″'}

) and Si ions tend to segregate at the grain boundaries in YAG …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Fabrication andkW‐levelMOPAlaser output of planar waveguideYAG/Yb:YAG/YAGceramic slab

et al. 2018

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Using the tape casting method combined with vacuum sintering and hot isostatic pressing, high‐quality planar waveguide YAG/10 at.%Yb:YAG/YAG ceramics were successfully prepared. For the sample presintered at 1750°C for 30 hours and then HIPed at 1700°C for 3 hours in 200 MPa argon, the in‐line transmittance reached 82.5% at 400 nm and the average grain size was ~17.1 μm. The diffusion behaviors of Yb ions across the contact boundary between the cladding YAG layer and the core Yb:YAG layer were determined by Fick's second law. Then, a 1030 nm continuous‐wave (CW) Yb:YAG planar waveguide ceramic laser based on the structure of master oscillator power amplification (MOPA) was realized. After a single‐pass amplification, the maximum output of the ceramic slab (60 × 10 × 1 mm3) reached 1251 W and the corresponding optical‐to‐optical efficiency was 30.0%, which is the highest output power of a Yb:YAG planar waveguide ceramic laser to the best of our knowledge.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

V_{normalY}^{″'}

) and Si ions tend to segregate at the grain boundaries in YAG …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Fabrication andkW‐levelMOPAlaser output of planar waveguideYAG/Yb:YAG/YAGceramic slab

et al. 2018

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“…12. Due to convolution, they appear to flatten out as was illustrated for example by Ganguly et al (1988) for EMPA measurements of diffusion profiles. Convolution of the analytical measurement can make detection and quantification of the segregation coefficient difficult or impossible in cases where the element concentration within the crystal volume is zoned.…”

Section: Convolution Effect On Element Maps and Determination Of The mentioning

confidence: 91%

Grain boundary diffusion and its relation to segregation of multiple elements in yttrium aluminum garnet

2020

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Abstract. We studied grain boundary diffusion and segregation of La, Fe, Mg, and Ti in a crystallographically defined grain boundary in yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG). Bi-crystals were synthesized by wafer bonding. Perpendicular to the grain boundary, a thin-film diffusion source of a La3.60Al4.40O12 was deposited by pulsed laser deposition. Diffusion anneals were performed at 1000 and 1450 ∘C. Via a gas phase small amounts of elements were added during the experiment. The element concentration distributions in our bi-crystals were mapped using analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM). Our results show strong segregation of La and Ti at the grain boundary. However, in the presence of Ti, the La concentrations dropped below the detection limit. Quantitative element distribution profiles along and across the grain boundary were fitted by a numerical diffusion model for our bi-crystal geometry that considers the segregation of elements into the grain boundary. The shape of the diffusion profiles of Fe requires the presence of two diffusion modes, e.g., the co-diffusion of Fe2+ as well as Fe3+. The absence of a detectable concentration gradient along the grain boundary in many experiments allows a minimum value to be determined for the product of sDgb. The resulting sDgb are a minimum of 7 orders of magnitude larger than their respective volume diffusion coefficient, specifically for La = 10−14 m2 s−1, Fe = 10−11 m2 s−1, Mg = Si = 10−12 m2 s−1, and Ti = 10−14 m2 s−1 at 1450 ∘C. Additionally, we model the effect of convolution arising from the given spatial resolution of our analysis with the resolution of our modeled system. Such convolution effects result in a non-unique solution for the segregation coefficient, e.g., for example for Mg between 2–3. Based on our data we predict that bulk diffusion of impurities in a mono-phase polycrystalline aggregate of YAG is effectively always dominated by grain boundary diffusion.

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“…Kohama pointed out that the bonding process was controlled by grain-boundary diffusion and the dominant driving force was a lower boundary energy at the intersection of the grain boundary and the bonding interface. The diffusion of Nd ions and Y ions could be influenced by both bulk diffusion and grain boundary diffusion, but it is easier for grain boundaries [12,21,35]. Therefore, it is speculated that grain growth and coalescence took place on the border of the bonded ceramic-ceramic plates at higher temperatures and longer sintering time mainly owing to grain boundary diffusion.…”

Section: Microstructure Analysis and Bonding Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bagayev et al have demonstrated a successful combination of YAG crystal with ceramics with the deposition of thin SiO x layer on them at 1700 • C. They observed that the solid state growth of YAG single crystal occurred on the bonded crystal-ceramics border and crystal growth rate was much higher when intermediate SiOx layer was employed [20]. Polished Yb:YAG and YAG ceramics were bonded by a surface treatment of argon fast atom beam and then heat-treated at 1600 • C for 10 h [21]. But Osipov et al demonstrated the success of monolithic material bonded by two transparent Nd:YAG ceramics based on the special experiment setup without the use of adhesive materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct thermal diffusion bonding of Nd:YAG/YAG composite transparent ceramics by vacuum sintering

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2017

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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Ion diffusion at the bonding interface of undoped YAG/Yb:YAG composite ceramics

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

Fabrication andkW‐levelMOPAlaser output of planar waveguideYAG/Yb:YAG/YAGceramic slab

Fabrication andkW‐levelMOPAlaser output of planar waveguideYAG/Yb:YAG/YAGceramic slab

Grain boundary diffusion and its relation to segregation of multiple elements in yttrium aluminum garnet

Direct thermal diffusion bonding of Nd:YAG/YAG composite transparent ceramics by vacuum sintering

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